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Democratic Republic of the Congo

News alerts, personal stories, and articles on the Democratic Republic of the Congo can be sent to communications@genocidewatch.org.

In volatile Congo, a new U.N. force with teeth

3 November 2013   The Washington Post

By Sudarsan Raghavan

Kilimanyoke, Congo — With shells flying overhead, the Congolese soldiers pressed forward on a desolate stretch of road near the Rwandan border. Ahead of them was a rebel army, firing relentlessly. Behind them, a new U.N. combat brigade waited in white armored vehicles, ready to serve as backup.

The U.N. soldiers are in Congo with an ambitious goal: to reverse the trajectory of one of the world’s most horrific and complex conflicts, one that has killed more than 5 million people since 1998, the deadliest war since World War II. They are also here to rescue the image of the troubled U.N. peacekeeping mission in the Congo.

“To be a peacekeeper doesn’t mean you need to be passive,” their top commander, Gen. Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz, said hours before the offensive began. “To be a peacekeeper, you need to take action. The way to protect the civilians is to take action. If you see the history of atrocities here, it justifies action.” (read more)


UN Troops in DR Congo
U.N. Warns It Will Disarm Congo Rebels

By Nicholas Kulish

31 July 2013

NAIROBI, Kenya — The United Nations has threatened to forcibly disarm rebels in the Democratic Republic of Congo, an early test of the robust new mandate for the multinational peacekeeping contingent that includes going on the offensive there.In an uncharacteristically stern warning on Tuesday, the United Nations ordered individuals near the eastern city of Goma to turn in their weapons or be deemed “an imminent threat to civilians.”

If they have not disarmed within 48 hours, the warning said, they will face the use of force by a new brigade of troops given responsibility for ending the violence in the region — a step beyond protecting civilians under imminent threat of attack, the traditional job of international peacekeepers. (read more)

Sexual violence on the rise in DRC's North Kivu
Briefing Notes

By UNHCR

30 July 2013

This is a summary of what was said by UNHCR spokesperson Fatoumata Lejeune-Kaba – to whom quoted text may be attributed – at the press briefing, on 30 July 2013, at the Palais des Nations in Geneva.

Recurrent conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo's North Kivu province is uprooting more civilians and exposing an increasing number of women, girls and men to rape. (read more)

U.N. worried by latest DRC abuses

By UPI

29 July 2013


KINSHASA, Democratic Republic of Congo, July 29 (UPI) -- Members of the rebel March 23 Movement in the Democratic Republic of Congo are suspected of performing summary executions, a U.N. peacekeeping mission said.

M23 rebel commander Bosco Ntganda turned himself into the International Criminal Court in April to face war crimes charges. The movement, which rebelled last year, is accused of using rape as a weapon of war and of conscripting child soldiers. (read more)

DR Congo: M23 Rebels Kill, Rape Civilians:

New Evidence of Rwandan Support for M23

By Human Rights Watch

22 July 2013

(Goma) – M23 rebels have summarily executed at least 44 people and raped at least 61 women and girls since March 2013 in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Local residents and rebel deserters reported recent forced recruitment of men and boys by the M23 in both Rwanda and Congo.



After a nearly two-month-long ceasefire, fighting resumed on July 14 between the Congolese armed forces and M23 rebels near the eastern city of Goma.
 (read more)

DR Congo: UN chief deeply concerned about clashes between Government troops, rebels

By UN News Centre

18 July 2013

18 July 2013 – Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has expressed deep concern about the latest round of hostilities between the M23 rebel group and the national armed forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) known as the FARDC.

“The Secretary-General urges all parties to exercise utmost restraint and prevent an escalation of the conflict and a deeper humanitarian crisis,” his spokesperson said in a statement.

Renewed fighting north of Goma, in the North Kivu area of eastern DRC, has uprooted tens of thousands of people in recent days. (read more)

Congo army helicopters pound M23 rebels near Goma

By Chrispin Mvano

16 July 2013

MUTAHO, Democratic Republic of Congo (Reuters) – Congolese government forces supported by helicopters attacked M23 rebel positions near the eastern city of Goma on Tuesday in a third day of heavy fighting that has forced hundreds of villagers to flee their homes and raised tensions with Rwanda.

In a letter to the U.N. Security Council obtained by Reuters on Tuesday, Congo accused Rwandan specialist units of aiding M23 in the fighting. In a statement, U.N. peacekeepers in Congo denied claims by Kigali that they shelled Rwandan territory on Monday. (read more)

DRC Says 120 Rebels Killed in East

By Nick Long

15 July 2013

GOMA, DRC — The Democratic Republic of Congo says its forces have killed 120 rebels and captured another dozen in fighting in North Kivu province.

Government spokesman Lambert Mende said Monday that about 10 army soldiers have died in the fighting north of Goma, the provincial capital.

The United Nations mission in Congo says it started Sunday when the M23, which holds territory near Goma, attacked government troops near the towns of Mutaho and Rusayo. (read more)

Charlotte priest worries about Congo genocide
by Katya Lezin, The Charlotte Observer
29 April 2013

Father Andre, as he is known at St. Gabriel's Catholic Church, hopes the Charlotte community will
pick up the call for action in his homeland of the Congo. Andre Mangongo, 39, is a world traveler. He was born in the Congo (formerly Zaire), and has lived in Cameroon, Belgium, the Philippines, Taiwan, China, Mongolia, Canada and the United States.
He is fluent in French, English, Mandarin, Lingala (a dialect of the Congo) and Ewondo, the language
of Cameroon. He now calls Charlotte home, where he serves as one of two priests at St. Gabriel’s
Catholic Church in South Charlotte. Mangongo went to a Catholic high school in Kinshasa, the Congo’s capitol, where he dreamed of becoming a priest because, he says, “I wanted to say the Mass.” (read more)

East Africa: Is an Offensive Plausible in DR Congo?
By James Karuhanga, The New Times
29 April 2013

Is it necessary? On March 28, the UNSC approved Resolution 2098 which authorised deployment of an intervention brigade which will target armed groups in eastern DR Congo. A seemingly ominous looming move by Tanzania to contribute troops to a newly-formed UN Intervention Brigade, under the UN Mission in DR Congo, or Monusco, among others, is raising eyebrows within the East African Legislative Assembly (EALA), even though few lawmakers in the bloc's Assembly seem inclined to openly chastise the 'mighty' Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania. On March 28, the UN Security Council approved Monusco's new mandate. Changes, here, include deployment of an "intervention brigade," or a special force of battalions, to be based in Goma, headquarters of the DR Congo's North Kivu Province, to carry out offensive operations against armed groups and to neutralise and disarm them. (read more)

Le M23 en passe de décrocher l’autonomie d’une partie du territoire congolais
Par Jean Roger Mboyo Ey'ekula
23 Avril 2013

Les Négociations engagées depuis fin novembre à Kampala entre le gouvernement congolais et le M23 sont dans la dernière ligne droite. Un projet d’accords est en voie d’être signé mais, les nouvelles en provenance de la capitale ougandaise sont loin d’être rassurant…es. Car, selon des sources, la dernière mouture de ce projet consacre implicitement l’autonomie de la partie du territoire congolais sous contrôle de la dernière née des rébellions fabriquées par le Rwanda. Une véritable porte ouverte à la balkanisation de la RDC. (en lire plus)

DRC rebels warn SA of 'massacre'
By Phillip De Wet, Mmanaledi Mataboge         
12 Apr 2013

M23 forces have mocked 'old' and 'corrupt' South African troops ahead of a United Nations deployment.
South African troops and rebels in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) are preparing for war in the northeast of that country, a war that may determine whether the United Nations sticks to a more robust form of intervention in regional conflicts.
And although peace talks between M23 rebels and the DRC government resumed in Uganda's capital Kampala last Sunday, indications are that the rebels may attack South African forces in that country pre-emptively, as preparations to get ­battle-ready are still taking place. (read more)


Congo: 'We could do what we wanted' says soldier who raped 53 women
By Pete Jones, The Guardian
11 April 2013

As the G8 tries to address sexual violence in the DRC, perpetrators and victims speak out about mass rape in Minova.

In a small house on a hill overlooking Lake Kivu, a young Congolese army soldier recounts the crimes that he and his comrades committed in the town of Minova a few months ago. "Twenty-five of us gathered together and said we should rape 10 women each, and we did it," he said. "I've raped 53 women. And children of five or six years old."
"I didn't rape because I am angry, but because it gave us a lot of pleasure," says 22-year-old Mateso, not his real name. "When we arrived here we met a lot of women. We could do whatever we wanted."
As William Hague unveils a sexual violence prevention strategy at a meeting of G8 foreign ministers in London this week, what happened in Minova is a stark reminder of the huge challenges facing those seeking to solve the problem of rape in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. (read more)


Nzigire Chibalonza, 60, was raped by three men on 22 November 2012. She has since been rejected by her husband. Photograph: Fiona Lloyd-Davies
DRC soldiers 'ordered to rape' women
BBC News
11 April 2013


A team reporting for BBC Newsnight has uncovered evidence that soldiers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo were ordered to rape women by their superior officers. On Thursday, foreign ministers of the G8 announced what they were calling an historic pact and $35m to try and tackle it the use of rape as a weapon of war. Anne Mawathe reports from the town of Minova in the east of the country. Her report contains details which viewers may find upsetting. (see video here)


hundreds of thousands have fled violence in North Kivu over past year. Photo: Kate Holt, IRIN

Briefing: M23, one year on
by Irinnews
03 April 2013

The M23 rebellion, the latest of a string of armed insurgencies in the Democratic Republic of Congo’s (DRC) North Kivu Province, has been active for one year now, during which hundreds of thousands have fled their homes and many have lost their lives.
The Mouvement du 23-Mars, or March 23 Movement, came into existence in April 2012, when hundreds of mainly ethnic Tutsi soldiers of FARDC, the national army, mutinied over poor living conditions and poor pay. Most of the mutineers had been members of the National Congress for the Defence of the People (CNDP), another armed group that in 2009 signed a deal with the government, which the dissidents felt Kinshasa had not fully implemented. M23 is named after the date the agreement was signed.
In November 2012, M23 captured Goma, the provincial capital, but withdrew and subsequently entered into peace talks with the government. Neighbouring Rwanda and Uganda were accused of backing M23 by a UN Security Council Group of Experts report, charges both countries strongly deny.  (read more)

Around 11 deaths in DR Congo fighting: UN
By: AFP
2 April 2013

Around 11 people were killed after fresh  fighting between government forces and a militia in the eastern Democratic  Republic of Congo, the United Nations said Monday.
UN spokesman Eduardo del Buey said the APCLS militia suffered the reported  fatalities, while a soldier from the DR Congo army was injured during the  skirmishes in Kitchanga, in North Kivu province.
The situation in the area was reported as calm on Monday, but approximately  1,500 civilians remained under the protection of MONUSCO, the UN’s peacekeeping  mission in DR Congo, which has a base in Kitchanga. (read more)


Des enfants en train de suivre des véhicules des casques bleus en patrouille au Nord-Kivu (Photo: Myriam Asmani)

DC : la brigade d’intervention de la Monusco dispose d’un mandat plus offensive
Par Radio Okapi
29 Mars 2013

 Le Conseil de sécurité a prorogé d’un an, jusqu’au 31 mars 2014, le mandat de la Mission des Nations Unies en République démocratique du Congo (Monusco) et a décidé de la doter d’une « brigade d’intervention » qui aura pour mandat de combattre et de neutraliser les groupes armés dans l’est de la RDC. Jusque là, le mandat de la Monusco était axé essentiellement sur la protection des civils.

Cette brigade comprendra notamment trois bataillons d’infanterie, une compagnie d’artillerie, une force spéciale et une compagnie de reconnaissance qui aura pour responsabilité de neutraliser les groupes armés, précise la résolution adoptée à l’unanimité de ses quinze membres par le Conseil aujourd’hui. (read more)


Congolese Rebel Commander Tells War Crimes Court He Was Just ‘a Soldier’
By Marlise Simons
26 March 2013

PARIS — Bosco Ntaganda, the rebel commander in the Democratic Republic of Congo with a reputation for extreme brutality, did not live up to his nickname “The Terminator” on Tuesday when he appeared for the first time at the International Criminal Court on charges of rape, murder, sexual slavery and using children as soldiers.
Wearing a court-issued dark suit, Mr. Ntaganda seemed timid and anxious, cutting a slight figure next to one of the burly guards the court had chosen for the occasion. Although Mr. Ntaganda, long a wanted man, was not asked to enter a plea, he quickly told the judge and a room full of black-gowned lawyers, “I was informed of these crimes, but I plead not guilty.” (read more)


Bosco Ntaganda Denies Congo Atrocities at International Criminal Court
AP, The Hague
26 March 2013

A Congolese warlord has denied charges including murder, rape, pillaging and using child soldiers at his first appearance before the international criminal court (ICC).

Bosco Ntaganda had been one of the court's longest-sought fugitives until he unexpectedly became the first suspect to voluntarily turn himself in by seeking refuge last week at the US embassy in the Rwandan capital, Kigali. He was flown to the Netherlands on Friday. (read more)


Photo: AFP

Bosco Ntaganda in the ICC's custody
Press Release
by ICC
22 March 2013

Today, Friday, 22 March 2013, Bosco Ntaganda, against whom the International Criminal Court (ICC) has issued two arrest warrants, surrendered himself voluntarily and is now in the ICC’s custody. Bosco Ntaganda is currently escorted by an ICC delegation that has left Kigali (Rwanda) heading to the ICC detention centre in The Hague (Netherlands). (read more)


 
Coming trial of Rwanda's "terminator" may embarrass Great Lakes leaders and UN
By Patrick Smith, The Africa Report
19 March 2013

Why did Bosco Ntaganda, the Rwandan militia leader wanted on war crime charges, decide to walk into the US Embassy in Kigali on 18 March and surrender? Was it simply that Ntaganda had no where left to go? (read more)

Bosco Ntaganda (2009), Photo by: Lionel Healing/AFP

Mystery surrounds Ntaganda surrender
By Katrina Manson, The Financial Times
19 March 2013

For more than four years, General Bosco Ntaganda has been on the run from the International Criminal Court. But for most of that time the warlord wanted for war crimes in eastern Congo has not exactly lived the life of a fugitive. (read more)


The Bosco surrender: more questions than answers
By Jason Stearns, Congo Siasa
22 March 2013

There has been a lot of conjecture and speculation surrounding Bosco's "surrender" to the US embassy on Tuesday morning. In recent weeks, various parties to the conflict have been purposely spreading false information, which has made it difficult to parse the facts. Here are my own thoughts on some of these points. (read more)


Wanted Congolese Rebel Leader Turns Himself In to U.S. Embassy
18 March 2013
By Jeffrey Gettleman

NAIROBI, Kenya — Bosco Ntaganda, a Congolese rebel general accused of massacring civilians and building an army of child soldiers — considered one of Africa’s most wanted men — surprisingly turned himself in to the American Embassy in Rwanda on Monday, saying he wanted to be sent to the International Criminal Court. ( Read more)


A view of destruction in Kitchanga town centre following heavy fighting between national forces and an armed group, 7 March. UN Photo/S. Liechti

Thousands flee fighting in DRC
Nampa-AFP
14 March 2013

Kinshasa – Around 12 000 people have fled recent fighting between rival factions of the M23 rebel group in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, the UN refugee agency said on Tuesday, as a local doctor warned of “methodic” rape in the troubled country.

“We estimate that around 4 000 households, or around 12 000 people, have been displaced in the zone of Rutshuru” in North-Kivu province, Simplice Kpanji of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Kinshasa told AFP. (read more)


Congo-Kinshasa: Thousands of People in Danger in DR Congo As Clashes Continue in Kitchanga – UN
By UN News Service
7 March 2013

The United Nations today warned that tens of thousands of people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) are in danger as clashes continue between national troops and an armed group in the town of Kitchanga, displacing thousands and affecting humanitarian facilities and access to basic services.

According to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), the clashes between the DRC armed forces (FARDC) and the Alliance des Patriotes pour un Congo Libre et Souverain (APCLS) have killed tens of civilians, including a humanitarian worker, wounded hundreds of people and displaced thousands since fighting began in late February. Some 5,000 of those displaced have sought refuge around the UN peacekeeping base in Kitchanga.

Humanitarian assistance has also been affected as warehouses have been burned down, medical facilities have been destroyed and the city's water supply system has been cut off. (read more)


Fleeing conflict, By: Sylvain Liechti/UN

Congo Slips Into Chaos Again as Rebels Gain
By
JEFFREY GETTLEMAN

The New York Times
November 25, 2012

GOMA, Democratic Republic of Congo — The lights are out in most of Goma. There is little water. The prison is an empty, garbage-strewn wasteland with its rusty front gate swinging wide open and a three-foot hole punched through the back wall, letting loose 1,200 killers, rapists, rogue soldiers and other criminals.

Now, rebel fighters are going house to house arresting people, many of whom have not been seen again by their families.

“You say the littlest thing and they disappear you,” said an unemployed man named Luke.

In the past week, the rebels have been unstoppable, steamrolling through one town after another, seizing this provincial capital, and eviscerating a dysfunctional Congolese Army whose drunken soldiers stumble around with rocket-propelled grenades and whose chief of staff was suspended for selling crates of ammunition to elephant poachers. (read more)


Jehad Nga for The New York Times
Democratic Republic of Congo Country Profile – 1 December 2012

The Democratic Republic of Congo, commonly referred to as Congo-Kinshasa or the DRC, is the second largest country in Africa, with a population of over 71 million. More than 250 ethnic groups make up the DRC’s population. Of the Bantu groups, the Mongo, Luba, Kong, and Mangbetu-Azande make up about 45% of the population. The country has a Belgian population of 60,000.

Initially claimed as the personal property of the Belgian King Leopold, his genocidal exploitation of rubber and ivory led to millions of deaths. An international protest eventually led to colonization by Belgium. In 1960 the Mouvement National Congolais won parliamentary elections and Patrice Lumumba, became Prime Minister. The Congo achieved independence later that year. A majority of the 100,000 Europeans fled the country. Lumumba was murdered, and the Chief of the Army, Mobutu Sese Seko, seized power.
Mobutu changed the country’s name to “Republic of Zaire”, and was supported by the United States due to Mobutu’s opposition to Communism. Rigged re-elections, gross corruption and human rights violations plagued his administration. In the early 1990s, opponents within Zaire began to demand governmental reforms. Following the Rwandan genocide in 1994, Hutu militias fled into eastern Zaire and allied with Zaire’s army, launched a campaign against the Congolese Tutsi population. In 1996, a coalition of the Rwandan and Ugandan Armies invaded Zaire to overthrow Mobutu’s government and the Hutu militias, launching the First Congo War. Mobutu was forced to flee Zaire in 1997. The nation was renamed the Democratic Republic of Congo.

A new government was established under Laurent Kabila, but fearing the continued presence of Rwandan and Ugandan forces in the DRC, he demanded that they leave. Rwandan and Ugandan forces attacked the DRC army in 1998. The ensuing war also involved troops from Angola, Zimbabwe, and Namibia. Laurent Kabila was assassinated by one of his own bodyguards. Joseph Kabila, the son of the assassinated President, appealed to the United Nations for multi-lateral talks. U.N. peacekeepers arrived and a peace agreement was signed with Kabila sharing power with leaders from other factions.

By 2003, most foreign armies had retreated and elections were held. The DRC’s first multiparty elections occurred in 2006, and a constitution was approved. Joseph Kabila received 45% of the vote, with his opponent Jean-Pierre Bemba, taking 20%. The results were disputed, leading to more violence and intervention by U.N. peacekeeping forces. A new election occurred later that year, with Kabila taking 70% and being sworn into the Presidency.

Violence continued, with armed rebellion in Eastern Congo by Tutsi forces, eventually leading to the March 23 Movement in 2012. Joseph Kony’s Lord’s Resistance Army moved from Uganda and South Sudan to the DRC in 2005, before fleeing into the Central African Republic. Local militias, the Mutomboki, also became violent. Since 2009, an estimated 45,000 people have died per month. Estimates of total deaths since 1996 range up to five million. Widespread disease and famine due to conflict have killed more people than atrocity crimes. Sexual violence and destruction of property are rampant, causing widespread displacement of people and hundreds of thousands of displaced people.

The presence of Ex-Rwandan genocidists, local militias, and mineral warlords have led to the massacres of thousands of people. M23, (allegedly supported by Rwanda, which Rwanda denies), has taken control of North Kivu. A Hutu militia, the FDLR, is at war with M23 as well as with the Raia Mutomboki, a Congolese militia that targets anyone who speaks Kinyarwanda. Both groups have massacred entire villages and are responsible for mass rape and forced displacement.

The DRC remains at stage 7, with genocidal massacres in North and South Kivu.

On the Situation in Eastern Congo


Open letter to Mr. Ban Ki Moon, Secretary General of the United Nations,

 January 14, 2013

 Your Excellency, the Secretary General of the United Nations,

 We, writers, artists, researchers and university professors, who are following the developments of the situation in Eastern Congo, have hereby decided to directly address you regarding an issue on which depend the security and well-being of millions of men and women, as well as the stability of the entire Great Lakes region and, on a larger scale, the entire African continent. 

Above all, we wish to draw your attention to what we consider to be a partial and simplistic interpretation of the current situation in this part of the African continent. Such an interpretation is reflected in some reports by international experts based on a “single-issue” approach, which sacrifices the complexity of a phenomenon in order to provide a superficial explanation. For reasons that worry us and that have pushed us into action, the principal investigator Steve Hege and his team, all of whom you have appointed, have chosen to focus their criticisms on the M23, while dangerously forgetting or remaining silent on other extremely harmful rebel movements in operation since 1994. This single-minded interpretation is destined to be counterproductive in the absence of a holistic vision of the Congolese situation in all its complexity and with all its political, economic and sociocultural ramifications. We do not understand why these investigators have chosen to ignore the existence of the armed groups––in particular, and significantly, the FDLR –– that are responsible for the bloody chaos unfolding in Eastern Congo. We also urge you to seriously consider, in contrast to your predecessors up until 1994, the disturbing signs of possible extension of violence in the region and, equally disturbing, the public incitement to hatred and the massacre of Kinyarwanda-speaking Congolese. (read more)


DR Congo rebels set conditions before pullout

AlJazeera
27 November, 2012

M23 rebels started their military campaign after they mutinied over poor pay and working conditions [EPA] M23 rebels controlling the eastern city of Goma in the DR Congo have said they will not pull out unless their demands are met. Al Jazeera's Nazanine Moshiri, reporting from Goma, said the rebels were demanding that the government hold national talks and dissolve the electoral commission enacted by President Joseph Kabila. Other demands include release of all political prisoners and withdrawal of the rebel group FDLR from positions it is occupying. (read more)

M23 rebels started their military campaign after they mutinied over poor pay and working conditions [EPA]

Congo Rebels Ignore Appeal to Quit Attack

By Jeffrey Gettleman
24 November 2012

GOMA, Democratic Republic of Congo — Regional leaders meeting in Uganda on Saturday called on Congolese rebels to “stop all war activities and withdraw from Goma,” but the rebels did not seem interested in that.Fighters from a rebel group called the M23 drove past a displaced persons camp in Mugunga, Congo, on Saturday. Instead, they continued their advance on more government territory, sending troops in several directions to surround the small town of Minova, a steppingstone toward the next big prize, Bukavu, one of the largest cities in eastern Congo. (read more)

 


Congo Slips Into Chaos Again as Rebels Gain
 
By Jeffrey Gettleman
25 November 2012
 
GOMA, Democratic Republic of Congo — The lights are out in most of Goma. There is little water. The prison is an empty, garbage-strewn wasteland with its rusty front gate swinging wide open and a three-foot hole punched through the back wall, letting loose 1,200 killers, rapists, rogue soldiers and other criminals. (read more)

U.N. Helicopters Strike Rebel Posts in Congo

By REUTERS
November 17, 2012 

KINSHASA, Democratic Republic of Congo (Reuters) — United Nations attack helicopters hit rebel positions in eastern Congo on Saturday after insurgents gained ground in heavy fighting, the United Nations said. The situation led the French Mission at the United Nations to call for an emergency meeting of the Security Council on Saturday afternoon. (read more)

Congo-Kinshasa: UN Report Finds Evidence of Arbitrary Killings in Eastern DR Congo, Prompts Calls for Action

By UN News Service

14 November 2012

 Rebel groups in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) arbitrarily executed at least 264 civilians, including 83 children, over a five-month period this year, according to report by United Nations human rights investigators, released today. (Read more)


Genocide and Mass Atrocity Warning: Democratic Republic of the Congo – the Kivus

Genocide Watch

3 October 2012

Since April 2012, instability in North and South Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo has become increasingly violent. Genocide Watch warns that there have already been genocidal massacres and mass atrocities by warring ethnic groups, and there is serious risk of all-out genocide.

A Mai Mai militia, the Raia Mutomboki, is targeting anyone who speaks Kinyarwanda (Congolese or Rwandan, combatant or civilian), and has declared its intent to kill or expel all Kinyarwanda speaking people from the Congo.  In response, a Hutu militia, the FDLR, is targeting anyone associated with the Raia Mutomboki. Since the beginning of 2012, these two groups have reportedly killed at least 700 people and have displaced over 300,000 Congolese.

Since the end of the Second Congo War in 2003, the Congolese army (FARDC) has relinquished its efforts to pacify the eastern Congo.  It is currently in pursuit of the pro-Rwandan March 23 Movement (M23). Absence of the FARDC has left a power vacuum, now filled by Raia Mutomboki and the FDLR.

The DRC has been in constant conflict since 1994, the year of the Rwandan genocide, when Rwandan genocidaires fled into the DRC.  In 1996 Laurent Kabila, backed by the Rwandan Army, invaded the Congo, killed many Hutu and overthrew President Mobutu.  Rwandan and Ugandan troops stayed in the DRC, and many other African countries sent armies to exploit the vast mineral resources of DRC, driving civilians into the jungle, resulting in over four million civilian deaths and rapes of 200,000 women.

A peace treaty was eventually signed in 2009, and militias of the National Congress for the Defense of People (CNDP), were supposed to be integrated with the FARDC. However, in April 2012, CNDP soldiers who had not already left the FARDC mutinied and joined M23, led by Bosco Ntaganda, a leader in the CNDP. Ntaganda has a warrant for his arrest issued by the International Criminal Court for using child soldiers. M23 is based in the eastern Congo province of North Kivu and seeks an independent Tutsi-led state. It has been alleged that the Rwandan government supports M23, but Rwanda denies involvement.  M23 has committed crimes against humanity by targeting civilian populations, mutilations, and mass rape.

The Raia Mutomboki and the genocidaire-led FLDR are engaged in a bilateral genocidal conflict.  Both groups massacre and mutilate entire villages, combatants and civilians. Both groups have enlarged recruitment beyond the Kivus. Local leaders fear Raia Mutomboki and say it gets support from M23.  The Kivus are again descending into genocide, mass rape, and forced deportations.

There are currently genocidal massacres taking place in the North and South Kivu provinces of the DRC. Eastern DRC is at Stage 7, genocide in part, on Genocide Watch’s eight stages of genocide.

  • Genocide Watch advocates a large increase in efforts by MONUSCO to hunt down perpetrators of genocide in both the FLDR and Raia Mutomboki with robust funding and training from European and other African governments, culminating in a cease-fire monitored by MONUSCO.
  • International relief organizations should establish safe refugee corridors and camps for IDPs.
  • Genocide Watch demands that Bosco Ntaganda and all genocidists be arrested for war crimes and extradited to the ICC. The principle of subsidiarity–giving precedence to the national courts over the ICC–does not apply to Ntaganda, because the DRC referred his case to the ICC in 2004.
  • Genocide Watch calls upon the Congolese government and neighboring governments to pass necessary legislation to build national institutions for justice and accountability, provide genuine local security, and pass and enforce laws that outlaw donor support of militias by foreign powers.

Congo: U.N. Report Cites Slaughter

Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times
14  November 2012

Armed groups executed more than 250 civilians, including 83 children, in one area of the Democratic Republic of Congo this year, according to a United Nations report published Wednesday. It said that rebels in North Kivu Province, along the border with Rwanda, killed the civilians between April and September. “The systematic human rights violations committed by these armed groups, including the slaughter of so many children, are the most serious we have seen in recent times” in Congo, said the United Nations high commissioner for human rights, Navi Pillay.

© The New York Times, 2012

(article)

UNHCR, Burundi to interview DR Congo refugees to grant them refugee status Agencies

Global Times
26 September, 2012

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Burundian government will start on Wednesday to interview at least 600 asylum seekers from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo) to grant them the refugee status, the Burundian home affairs minister said on Tuesday.

"As of tomorrow (Wednesday), the UN Refugee Agency and the Burundian government will start to interview those Congolese asylum seekers. Those who will qualify will receive the refugee status and will be sent to a refugee camp where they will be assisted," Burundian Home Affairs Minister Edouard Nduwimana told the Congolese asylum seekers when he visited them in the Burundian province of Cibitoke.

Nduwimana said the asylum seekers will be interviewed in accordance with the African Union Refugee Convention. (read more)

Exclusive: Clinton presses Rwanda, DRC leaders on border crisis

Andrew Quinn, Reuters
25 September, 2012

NEW YORK - Secretary of State Hillary Clinton pressed the presidents of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo to resolve a conflict over rebels in eastern Congo whose military advances have stoked tensions in one of Africa's most volatile regions.

Clinton sat down with Rwandan President Paul Kagame and Congolese President Joseph Kabila in New York on Monday, delivering a firm message to both that steps must be taken to resolve the crisis, a senior U.S. official said on Tuesday. (read more)

 


U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton delivers remarks during the launch of the Equal Futures Partnership at the InterContinental Hotel in New York September 24, 2012.

REUTERS/Andrew Kelly


UN council calls for urgent dialogue between Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda

The Washington Post, Associated Press
18 September, 2012

UNITED NATIONS — The U.N. Security Council says dialogue is urgently needed between the Congo and Rwanda, which is accused of supporting the rebellion in eastern Congo. German U.N. Ambassador and current Security Council President Peter Wittig says a high-level meeting is planned for next week’s General Assembly on eastern Congo, where a major humanitarian crisis has hit. (read more)

DR Congo M23 rebels have 'de facto administration'

BBC News
19 September, 2012

Rebels in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo have set up a "de facto administration", the head of the UN's peacekeeping operations has said. Herve Ladsous said the M23 group - formed of soldiers who mutinied in April - are controlling populations and taking taxes. The UN accuses neighbouring Rwanda of supporting the M23 - an allegation Kigali has repeatedly denied. More than 200,000 people have been displaced in this year's unrest. (read more)

Congo wants UN to beef up mandate of the UN peacekeeping force so it can ‘neutralize’ rebels

By Associated Press
1 September 2012
 
UNITED NATIONS — Congo said it wants the U.N. peacekeeping force in the African country to “neutralize” a new rebel movement and a force that helped perpetrate Rwanda’s 1994 genocide and protect the tense and porous border with neighboring Rwanda.
 
Congo’s Foreign Minister Raymond Tshibanda N’tunga Mulongo also called on the Security Council to impose sanctions on those named in a U.N. report in July that accused high-ranking Rwandan officials of helping to create, arm and support the new M23 rebels within Congo — as well as the rebel movement’s leaders. (read more)

Le film 'Affaire Chebeya, un crime d'Etat?' sera bien projeté à Kinshasa

By Afriquejet
9 juillet 2012 

Le film du réalisateur belge, Thierry Michel, 'Affaire Chebeya, un crime d'Etat?', sera finalement projeté à Kinshasa, a annoncé lundi à la presse à Bruxelles, l'auteur du long-métrage documentaire sur l'assassinat le 1er juin 2010 dans la capitale congolaise de Floribert Chebeya, président de l'association la 'Voix des Sans Voix' pour la défense des droits de l'Homme en RD Congo. (read more)


Thomas Lubanga, Former Congo Warlord, Sentenced to 30 years For Conscripting Child Soldiers

By Toby Sterling, Huffington Post
13 June 2012

AMSTERDAM -- The International Criminal Court prosecutor asked judges on Wednesday to hand down a 30-year sentence to a Congolese warlord convicted of conscripting child soldiers.

 Thomas Lubanga was convicted of the charge in the Netherlands-based court in March, in a case widely regarded as sending a message to military leaders who use child soldiers that they will be brought to justice. Judges have yet to set a sentencing date.

 Prosecutor Luis Moreno-Ocampo said he could not find any factor that would lessen Lubanga's guilt. He "knew he was breaking the basic rules that the world has established to protect children," the prosecutor said.

 Children forced into Lubanga's service were "trained by terror... to kill and to rape," he said. Then they were "launched into battle zones where they were instructed to kill everyone, regardless of whether they were men, women, or children." (read more...)


In this June 3, 2003 file photo, a bodyguard stands behind the leader of the rebel Union of Congolese Patriots, Thomas Lubanga, during a rally by the rebel group in Bunia, Congo. (AP Photo/Karel Prinsloo, File)
Credit: BBC News
Genocide Emergency: Democratic Republic of the Congo

By Genocide Watch

7 February 2012, updated 25 April 2012
(En français)

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is plagued by enduring conflict in its eastern provinces. Formally the second Congolese war came to an end in 2002. However, in practice the conflict drags on and is the deadliest since the Second World War. Estimates of the dead range from three to five million persons. The victims are civilians, in particular women and girls, and ethnic groups such as the Banyamulenge, the Hutu Banyarwanda, the Hema and the Lendu. Many of the killers and rapists are former genocidists who escaped into the DRC from the Rwandan genocide.

Besides the high death rate among vulnerable civilian populations, especially children, and the number of internally displaced persons, there is the alarming trend of rape used as a weapon of war. Sexual violence is aimed at terrorizing and controlling the population. A recent study estimates that nearly two million women have been raped in the DRC, that is nearly one every minute. These atrocities, however, are not limited to women and girls. The fact that also men and boys are victims of rape is often not highlighted. Moreover, sexual violence is not limited to rape. It includes crimes such as abduction and sexual slavery, forced maternity and sexual mutilation. Sexual violence causes traumas, diseases, rejection and stigmatization. These consequences are aggravated by feelings of hopelessness, shame and abandonment because of the impunity of the perpetrators.

The rapes in the DRC constitute war crimes and crimes against humanity, targeting a civilian population on a mass scale. Some of the acts of sexual violence can be qualified as genocidal acts, such as those committed by the FDLR and the Mai Mai towards the Tutsi population. Sexual violence is the most shocking human rights violation now occurring in the Eastern Congo.

The situation in this extensive country located in the heart of Africa is highly explosive. This is evidenced by the following factors;

  • There were genocidal massacres in the DRC during the period from 1993 to 2003 as evidenced by a draft report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. 
  • The elections of December 2011 were marked by widespread fraud, and proved that the DRC needs to build democratic institutions. Dozens of people died in pre- and post-election violence.
  • The mineral wealth in the eastern provinces of the DRC is a major cause of the ongoing conflict. Numerous militias controlled by rapacious warlords, as well as Congolese government troops exploit these minerals, while engaging in human rights violations on a large scale, including forcing civilians to work in the mines.
  • MONUSCO, the UN Mission in the DRC, one of the largest UN Peacekeeping Operations in the world, has had a beneficial effect in some towns and regions, but it remains hopelessly understaffed, undertrained, under resourced and underfinanced.

Currently genocidal massacres are taking place in the DRC. The DRC is at Stage 7, genocide in part, on Genocide Watch’s stages of genocide.

  • Genocide Watch welcomes the announcement by President Kabila that General Bosco Ntaganda will be arrested for war crimes. Genocide Watch demands that he be extradited to the ICC. The principle of subsidiarity –giving precedence to the national courts over the ICC– does not apply, as the DRC has referred the case to the ICC in 2004.
  • Genocide Watch welcomes the first judgment of the ICC, convicting warlord Thomas Lubanga for the use of child soldiers. This case, however, also represents a missed opportunity to try crimes of sexual violence, because Lubanga was not charged with rape and other acts of sexual violence, such as sexual slavery, which there was ample evidence he committed.
  • Genocide Watch calls upon the Congolese government and neighboring governments to pass the necessary legislation to build regional institutions for justice and accountability, with international assistance and financing, under Congolese, national and international law.
  • Genocide Watch advocates a large increase in efforts to hunt down and stop perpetrators of sexual violence, carried out by regional forces with robust funding and training from European and American governments, the UN, and support from MONUSCO.
  • Genocide Watch urges an exponential increase in funding for hospitals, especially to repair fistula and other maiming of women who have been raped.
  • Genocide Watch urges investigation and arrest of perpetrators of sexual violence, other crimes against humanity, and genocide by a special unit of the International Criminal Court.


Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1993-2003

Report of the Mapping Exercise documenting the most serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law committed within the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between March 1993 and June 2003

June 2010

United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights

Document
Click here to download UN Report
Updates

1 December 2012 Democratic Republic of Congo Country Profile By Genocide Watch

27 November 2012, "DR Congo Rebels Set Conditions before Pullout" By AlJazeera

24 November 2012, "Congo Rebels Ignore Appeal to Quit Attack" By Jeffrey Gettlemen

25 November 2012, "Congo Slips Into Chaos Again as Rebels Gain" By Jeffrey Gettlemen

17 November 2012, "UN Helicopters Strike Rebel Posts in Congo" By Reuters

14 November 2012, "Congo: UN Report Cites Slaughter" By Jeffrey Gettlemen, The New York Times

26 September 2012, "UNHCR, Burundi to Interview DR Congo Refugees to Grant them Refugee Status" By Angencies, Global Times

26 September 2012, "Exclusive: Clinton Presses Rwanda, DRC Leaders on Border Crisis" By Andrew Quinn, Reuters

18 September 2012, "UN council calls for urgent dialogue between Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda" By The Washington Post


19 September 2012, "DR Congo M23 rebels have 'de facto administration'", By BBC News

 01 September 2012, "Congo wants UN to beef up mandate of the UN peacekeeping force so it can ‘neutralize’ rebels", By AP

02 August 2012, " DR Congo protesters demand end to fighting ", By Al Jazeera

01 August 2012, " DR Congo troops abandon villages to rebels: envoys ", By AFP

30 July 2012 "Africa: Mobile Gender Courts -- Delivering Justice in the DRC" By Lily Porter, AllAfrica

27 July 2012 "UNHCR calls for protection of civilian population amid continued figthting in eastern DRC" By UNHCR

24 July 2012, " Fighting prompts UN intervention in DR Congo ", By Al Jazeera

24 July 2012, " Uganda to Mediate in DR Congo Conflict ", By All Africa

18 July 2012 "Congo unrest threatens to push to curb conflict minerals trade" By Ed Stoddard & Joe Bavier, Reuters

13 July 2012 "ICC issues DR Congo warrants for rebel leaders Ntaganda and Mudacumura" By BBC News Africa

11 July 2012, " DR Congo: Arms supplies fuelling unlawful killings and rape", By Amnesty International

10 July 2012, " International Criminal Court Issues First Sentence Pool", By New York Times

10 July 2012, "Crisis in North Kivu", By Associated Press

28 June 2012, " Rwanda criticizes UN role in DR Congo", By AFP

27 June 2012 "High-level Rwandan military officers tied to Congo mutiny" By Colum Lynch, Foreign Policy

22 June 2012, "The only way to help Congo" By Séverine Autesserre, The New York Times

20 June 2012, "Congo-Kinshasa: Fears of War With Rwanda Rattle DRC Youth", by All Africa

19 June 2012 "U.N. rights chief concerned over civilian safety as fighting continues in DR Congo's east" By U.N. News Centre

12 June 2012, "Open Letter to the United Nations Security Council on the Situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo",
by Louise Arbour, International Crisis Group

04 June 2012, " DR Congo: Rwanda Should Stop AIding War Crimes Suspect", by The Human Rights Watch

31 May 2012, " Tens of thousands flee 'extreme violence' in Congo ", by Simon Tisdal, The Guardian

23 May 2012 " DR Congo militia leaders deny village massacre" by AFC, Yahoo! News

2 May 2012 "Thousands flee fighting in the Democratic Republic of the Congo," by The Associated Press, The Guardian

25 April 2012 "Updated country profile of the DRC," by Genocide Watch

13 April 2012 "Arrest Bosco Ntaganda for ICC trial," by Human Rights Watch

12 April 2012 "Civilians and aid actors, victims of renewed fighting in Kivu," by Médecines sans frontières, AllAfrica

12 April 2012 "Thorny issue of reparations for Lubanga's victims," by IRIN, The Guardian

11 April 2012 "Congo's 'terminator': Kabila calls for Ntaganda arrest," by BBC News

7 April 2012 "The gender based violence and HIV connection", by Voice of America

1 April 2012 "State impunity in Central Africa," by Phil Clark, The New York Times

15 March 2012 "International criminal court delivers landmark first ruling," by Mark Tran, The Guardian

14 March 2012 "Congolese warlord convicted of using child soldiers," by Marlise Simons, The New York Times

14 March 2012 "ICC finds Congo warlord guilty of using child soldiers in first verdict," by Mike Pflanz, The Telegraph

14 March 2012 "CPI: le Congolais Lubanga coupable de crimes de guerre," by Agence France-Presse, La Presse

14 March 2012 "Un chef de guerre congolais coupable d'avoir enrôlé des enfants," by Stéphanie Maupas, AFP, LeMonde.fr

7 March 2012 "Congo-Kinshasa: The Forgotten Rape Capital of the World," by Felicia Wairagu, Institute for Security Studies

29 February 2012 "Uganda to open third refugee camp for fleeing Congolese," by BBC News

7 February 2012 "Country profile of the DRC," by Genocide Watch

2 February 2012 "Sudan and Congo savaged as world shrugs," by Michael O'Hanlon and John Prendergast, USA Today

26 January 2012 "Violence escalating in eastern country," by Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa

6 January 2012 "FDLR rebels kill 39 Congolese," by James Karuhanga, The New Times

22 December 2011 "La répression des forces de sécurité dénoncée," by Habibou Bangr, Agence France-Presse, La Presse

28 November 2011 "Your cell phone, Congo's misery," by CNN Wire

14 October 2011 "Armed U.S. advisers to help fight African renegade group," by Thom Shanker and Rick Gladstone, The New
York Times

4 October 2011 "U.S. Congo Policy: Matching Deeds to Words to End the World's Deadliest War," by Aaron Hall and Sasha
Lezhnez,
ENOUGH Project

31 August 2011 "Congo rapes: at least 121 women assaulted by troops last month, says U.N.," by Stephanie Nebehay and
Mark Heinrick, Reuters


6 July 2011 "Viols en RDC: des crimes contre l'humanité, selon l'ONU," by Agence France-Presse, La Presse

5 July 2011 "Victimes de viol et rejetées par leur mari," by Emmanuel Peuchot, Agence France-Presse, La Presse

28 May 2011 "Les camions blancs de la mort," by Isabelle Hachey, La Presse

11 May 2011 "Congo study sets estimate for rapes much higher," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

10 May 2011 "UN officials stress Security Council's role in protecting civilians during armed conflict," by United Nations News
Service

10 March 2011 "UN humanitarian chief: 2011 is a time for opportunity in DRC," by ReliefWeb

1 March 2011 "The hidden victims of wartime rape," by Lara Stemple, The New York Times

25 February 2011 "Rapes are again reported in Eastern Congo," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

26 January 2011 "Shattering shame and silence," by Sonjam Hedgepeth and Rochelle G. Saidel, The Jerusalem Post

18 January 2011 "DR Congo army commander led mass rape in Fizi," by BBC News

17 January 2011 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol. 5, Issue 21," by Public International Law & Policy Group

13 January 2011 "War's overlooked victims: rape is horrifyingly widespread in conflicts all around the world," by The Economist

November 2010 "The Lord's Resistance Army of Today," by Ledio Cakaj, Enough Project

8 October 2010 "Democratic Republic of Congo: Trial of warlord must continue," by Marlise Simons, The New York Times

6 October 2010 "Letters to the editor: Brutality in Congo: Who Can Stop It?" by Alain Le Roy, Marcel Stoessel Kinshasa, and
Elizabeth Arend, The New York Times

6 October 2010 "Congo: Former Rebel Claims Role in Military Force Backed by U.N.," by Reuters

3 October 2010 "Frenzy of rape in Congo reveals UN weakness," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

1 October 2010 "U.N. Report on Congo Massacres Draws Anger," by Jeffrey Gettleman and Josh Kron, The New York Times

23 September 2010 "African Regional Committee on Genocide established," by Prof. William Schabas, President,
International Association of Genocide Scholars

8 September 2010 "Ban urges Rwanda not to withdraw UN peacekeepers," by BBC News

2 September 2010 "Rape victims in Congo raid now more than 240," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

2 September 2010 "UN delays release of report on possible Congo genocide," by Neil MacFarquhar, The New York Times

August 2010 "Report Draft: Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1993-2003," by United Nations

28 August 2010 "Rwanda Contests Report on Army," by the Associated Press

27 August 2010 "UN Report accuses Rwanda of massacres in Congo," by Josh Kron, CNN

26 August 2010 "UN Congo report leaked: Crime of genocide against Hutu refugees in 1996-1997 alleged," by Jason Steams,
congosiasa.blogspot.com

25 August 2010 "UN Knew of rebels in area of Congo rapes," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

23 August 2010 "Rwandan rebels raped at least 179 women in Congo, Humanitarian officials say," by Josh Kron, The New York
Times

22 August 2010 "At least 150 women raped in weekend raid in Congo," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

18 August 2010 "Rebels kill 3 in U.N. force in Congo," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

10 August 2010 "Report: 'This is our land now': Lord's Resistance Army attacks Bas Uele, northeastern Congo," by Ledio Cakaj,
Enough Project

27 July 2010 "Why recent US 'conflict minerals' legislation may not help in eastern Congo," by Laura Seay, Christian Science
Monitor


24 July 2010 "Gadget makers forced to look at links to Congo war," by Peter Svensson, Associated Press

19 July 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol 5, Issue 8," by Public International Law & Policy Group

16 July 2010 "The Genocide Behind Your Smart Phone," by Alan Mascarenhas, Newsweek

5 July 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol 5, Issue 7," by Public International Law & Policy Group

2 July 2010 "Letter: Conflict-free minerals," by Gary Shapiro, President and CEO of Consumer Electronics Association

30 June 2010 "How Congo could genuinely 'move on'," by Harry Verhoeven, The Guardian

26 June 2010 "Op-Ed: Death by gadget," by Nicholas D. Kristof, The New York Times

21 June 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol. 5, Issue 6," by Public International Law & Policy Group

20 June 2010 "Semaine du 14 au 20 juin 2010," by Professor JC Willame

18 June 2010 "Peace Negotiations Watch Vol. IX, No 21," by Public International Law & Policy Group

12 June 2010 "Congo activist's death reflects power struggle," by Sarah DiLorenzo, Associated Press

3 June 2010 "DR Congo: Prominent human rights defender killed," by Human Rights Watch

June 2010 "Assassinat de Floribert Chebeya arrestation de Daniel Mukalay Mulongo , conseiller en communication de John Numbi," by RFI

27 May 2010 "U.N. to Pull 2,000 Peacekeepers From Congo, Draft Resolution Says," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

23 May 2010 "Semaine du 17 au 23 mai 2010," by Professor JC Willame

21 May 2010 "Peace Negotiations Watch Vol IX No 18," by Public International Law & Policy Group

16 May 2010 "Semaine du 10 au 16 mai 2010," by Professor JC Willame

16 May 2010 "EurAc mission d'observation electorale au Burundi," by EurAc

16 May 2010 "EurAc election observation mission to Burundi," by EurAc

9 May 2010 "Semaine du 3 au 9 mai 2010," by Professor JC Willame

2 May 2010 "Semaine du 26 avril au 2 mai 2010," by Professor JC Willame

May 2010 "Publication Mensuelle de Reseau Europeen pour l'Afrique Central (EURAC), N.65," by EURAC

May 2010 "Monthly Publication of the European Network for Central Africa (EURAC), No. 65," by EURAC

30 April 2010 "5,4 millions de morts: Un genocide Oublie," by Jonad Tshiombela Kabiena, Coordonateur National

29 April 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol 4 Issue 26," by Public International Law & Policy Group

28 April 2010 "Questions liees au domaine politique et reforme institutionnelle," by Honourable Jean-Lucien Bussa, Deputy National

28 April 2010 "DRC - Conclusions of Parliament: The Executive is corrupt, Insecurity spreads," by Honourable Jean-Lucien Bussa, Deputy National

25 April 2010 "Semain du 19 au 25 avril 2010," by Professor JC Willame

16 April 2010 "RDC: Un genocide oublie, 5,4 millions de morts," by Nouvelle Societe Civile Congolaise

5 A
pril 2010 "News Update," by World Without Genocide

12 April 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol 5, Issue 1," by Public International Law and Policy Group

11 April 2010 "Semaine du 5 au 11 avril 2010"

April 2010 "Qu justice soit faite," by Nouvelle Societe Civile Congolaise

28 March 2010 "Fleeing rebels kill hundreds of Congolese," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

22 March 2010 "MONUC still has key role to play," by European Network of Active NGOs in Central Africa (EurAc)

1
March 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol 4, Issue 24," by Public International Law and Policy Group

27 January 2010 "Rapport de Mission en DRC - English," by Kris Berwoutz, Director, EurAc

5 January 2010 "Digging in: Recent Developments on Conflict Minerals," by David Sullivan and Noel Atama, ENOUGH

23 December 2009 "UN: Ensure Peacekeepers in Congo Focus on Protecting Civilians," by Human Rights Watch

21 December 2009 "1,200 killed and 1,400 abducted in 10-month LRA rampage in DRC: UN report," by United Nations Human Rights

15 December 200 "U.N. urged to cease aid to Congo regime accused of horrific acts," by Stephanie McCrummen, The Washington Post

15 December 2009 "Field Dispatch: South Kivu - No Peace in Sight," by Noel Atama, ENOUGH Project

15 December 2009 "DR.Congo fighting 'sees 84,000 refugees flee'," by Agence France-Presse (Global Edition)

14 December 2009 "Report Cites Vast Civilian Killings in East Congo," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

13 December 2009 "'You Will Be Punished:' Attacks on Civilians in Eastern Congo," by Human Rights Watch

10 December 2009 "U.N. Told Not to Join Congo Army in Operation," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

2 December 2009 "Bearing Witness to Tales of Terror," by Tom Tugend, Jewish World Watch, The Jewish Journal

1 December 2009 "92,000 flee DR Congo violence: UN," by Agence France-Presse

25 November 2009 "UN peace mission fuelling violence in Congo, report says," by David Smith, The Guardian

25 November 2009 "Congo Army Helps Rebels Get Arms, U.N. Finds," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

24 November 2009 "At international war crimes court, 2 warlords plead not guilty of Congo massacre," by Mike Corder, The Associated Press

24 November 2009 "DRC militia plead not guilty as ICC war crimes trial starts," by Mariette le Roux, Agence France-Presse

24 November 2009 "Congo: Trial Begins for 2 Accused of Ordering Children to Destroy Village," by The Associated Press

18 November 2009 "New Legislative Action Tackles Congo Conflict Minerals," by John Prendergast, The Huffington Post

19 November 2009 "Justice for Congo 100 years on," by The Guardian

17 November 2009 "Rwandan rebel leaders arrested for Congo war crimes," by Mark Tran, The Guardian

10 November 2009 "From Mine to Mobile Phone: The Conflict Minerals Supply Chain," by John Prendergast and Sasha Lezhnev, ENOUGH

6 November 2009 "African Peace-building Agenda: "Elements of a New Strategy to Disarm the LRA," by Francois Grignon, International Crisis Group

5 November 2009 "LRA rebel surrenders in DR Congo," by BBC News

2 November 2009 "Eastern DR Congo: Surge in Army Atrocities," by Human Rights Watch

20 September 2009 "DR Congo deports genocide suspect," by BBC News

10 September 2009 "Threats to journalists in Bukavu," by Kizito Mushizi

21 August 2009 "Congo's militias lure former rebels from Burundi," by Josh Kron and Jeffrey Kettleman, The New York Times

14 August 2009 "Court gives bail to Congo's Bemba," by BBC News

13 August 2009 "Suspect in Rwandan Genocide is captured after 15 years in hiding," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

12 August 2009 "Clinton Presents Plan to Fight Sexual Violence in Congo," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

12 August 2009 "Genocide suspect found in Congo," by BBC News

11 August 2009 "Letter to the Editor: A witness to genocide sees another African horror," by Paul Rusesabagina, letter to The New York Times

7 August 2009 "Congo: Talks With Rwanda in Sign of Closer Ties," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

6 August 2009 "'New era' for DR Congo and Rwanda," by BBC News

5 August 2009 "Symbol of Unhealed Congo: Male Rape Victims," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

26 July 2009 "Congo prison called Africa's worst," by Reuters

25 July 2009 "Congo: U.N. Agency Reports 536,000 Left Homeless," by The Associated Press

23 July 2009 "TV news footage : Democratic Republic of the Congo: conflict becomes more brutal with rise in sexual violence," by International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

16 July 2009 "Soldiers Who Rape, Commanders Who Condone," by Human Rights Watch

16 July 2009 "Eastern Congo: An Action Plan to End the World's Deadliest War," by John Prendergast and Noel Atama

9 July 2009 "Congo: A Comprehensive Strategy to Disarm the FDLR," by International Crisis Group

2 July 2009 "DR Congo: Massive Increase in Attacks on Civilians," by Human Rights Watch

25 June 2009 "Fresh Nightmares in Congo's Drive Against Rwandans," by Stephanie McCrummen, The Washington Post

20 June 2009 "Congo: Fighting Erupts in the East," by Reuters

16 June 2009 "Congo's Bemba to stand ICC trial," by BBC News

11 June 2009 "Rape as a Weapon of War in Congo", by Francois Grignon in Spiegel International

22 May 2009 "UNHCRconcerned about Atrocities against Civilians in Eastern DRC," by United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

22 May 2009 "Government, Rebel Atrocities Uprooting Civilians in Eastern DR Congo," by United Nations

20 May 2009 "Growing Number of Women Falling Victim to Rape in DR Congo, reports UN," by United Nations News Service

19 May 2009 "DR Congo: Hold Army to Account for War Crimes," by Human Rights Watch

19 May 2009 "UN Asks Congo to Arrest Army Officers," by The Associated Press

19 May 2009 "Ex-Rebels in Army Are Accused of Now Looting, Raping and Killing," by The Associated Press

19 May 2009 "Angelina Jolie Watches Child Soldiers Trial," by The Associated Press

13 May 2009 "NGOs Welcome the Congo Conflict Minerals Act of 2009," by ENOUGH Project

Congo's Gold

November 29, 2009

Five million people have died in the Democratic Republic of Congo in a war fueled from gold mined in the country by warlords and smuggled out to be sold on the open market. Scott Pelley reports.

Copyright 2009 CBS Interactive Inc.


Watch CBS News Videos Online

Updates

8 May 2009 "Congo, Amnesty Passed for Illegal Armed Groups," by Reuters

24 April 2009 "Thousands of homes burned in new atrocities in Eastern Congo, villagers tell Oxfam," by Oxfam

4 April 2009 "For Congo's Leader, Middling Reviews," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

4 April 2009 "An Interview With Joseph Kabila," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

21 March 2009 "Congo: Rebels Kill 12 by Machete," by Reuters, The New York Times

5 March 2009 "Comment: Why Ntaganda Reprieve is Wrong," by Eugene Bakama Bope, Institute for War and Peace Reporting

4 March 2009 "In Congo, With Rebels Now at Bay, Calm Erupts," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

21 February 2009 "The Invisible War," by Bob Herbert, The New York Times

20 February 2009 "Congo: Military to Press On With Hunt for Hutu Rebels," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

19 February 2009 "Armed With Little but Resolve, and Defending a Hollowed Village," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

11 February 2009 "Rwanda: Reconciliation with Congo," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

4 February 2009 "In Congo, an Exodus of Militiamen," by Stephanie McCrummen

1 February 2009 "In Congo, Fresh Anxieties," by Stephanie McCrummen, The Washington Post

27 January 2009 "Looking for Peace Openings in Congo," by The New York Times

27 January 2009 "International Court Begins First Trial," by The New York Times

26 January 2009 "Congo Presses for Extradition of Warlord," by The New York Times

25 January 2009 "With Leader Captured, Congo Rebel Force Is Dissolving," by The New York Times

24 January 2009 "Rwanda's Arrest of Congolese Rebel Leader Marks a Key Shift," by The New York Times

24 January 2009 "A Congolese Rebel Leader Who Once Seemed Untouchable Is Caught," by The New York Times

21 January 2009 "Joint Offensive Against a Militia," by The New York Times

19 January 2009 "Rebels Kill at Least 620 in Congo, Groups Say," by The New York Times

12 January 2009 "Rebel Force in Congo Shows Signs of Division," by The New York Times

7 January 2009 "Ugandan Rebels Kill 12," by The Associated Press

30 December 2008 "Rebels Kill Nearly 200 in Congo, U.N. Says," by The New York Times

16 December 2008 "Can Africa Trade Its Way to Peace?," by Herman J. Cohen, The New York Times

11 December 2008 "Killings in Kiwanja," by Human Rights Watch

11 December 2008 "A Massacre in Congo, Despite Nearby Support," by Lydia Polgreen, The New York Times

27 November 2008 "Humanitarian Situation Still Serious in the East," by AllAfrica

27 November 2008 "3,000 Flee Congo Clash," by The Associated Press

26 November 2008 "U.N. opens investigation of Congo war crimes," by The Associated Press

25 November 2008 "DR Congo: President Brutally Represses Opposition," by Human Rights Watch


25 November 2008 "U.N. Reports Widespread Rights Abuses," by Reuters

21 November 2008 "Mai Mai Fighters Third Piece in Congo’s Violent Puzzle," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

20 November 2008 "U.N. approves 3,100 more troops for Congo," by The Associated Press

19 November 2008 "Confusion Reigns on Congo’s Front Line," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

16 November 2008 "An African Crisis for Obama," by Jim Hoagland, The Washington Post

13 November 2008 "Protect Civilians From Brutal Rebel Attacks," by Human Rights Watch

12 November 2008 "Impossible task for UN in DR Congo," by David Loyn, BBC News

12 November 2008 "UN accuses Congolese troops of human rights abuses," by Thijs Bouwknegt, International Justice

10 November 2008 "Democratic Republic of the Congo / Special adviser on the prevention of genocide," by United Nations

10 November 2008 "African Leaders Act to Defuse Conflict in Congo," by Jeffrey Gettleman and Celia W. Dugger, The New York Times

8 November 2008 "'The soldiers didn't ask any questions. They just shot him'," by Chris McGreal, The Guardian

7 November 2008 "Tutsis Go From Door to Door, Killing 20," by Reuters

7 November 2008 "UN adviser warns Congo against genocide," by Edith M. Lederer, The Associated Press

5 November 2008 "ICC is monitoring war crimes in Congo," by Thijs Bouwknegt, International Justice

4 November 2008 "The Congo Re-erupts," by Francois Grignon and Fabienne Hara, The Wall Street Journal

4 November 2008 "Ban to lead Congo mediation, as new clashes threaten truce," by Ben Simon, Agence France-Presse

3 November 2008 "In Congo, a Little Fighting Brings a Lot of Fear," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times


1 November 2008 "With Tense Calm in Congo, Time to Assess Damage," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

31 October 2008 "Averting Renewed Regional War in Eastern Congo," by ENOUGH

30 October 2008 "LRA on the Rampage," by Katy Glassborow, International Justice


30 October 2008 "Thousands flee as Nkunda's rebels seize Goma," by Michael Blass, International Justice

30 October 2008 "Many Flee as Congo Rebels Approach Eastern City," by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times


29 October 2008 "Distasteful truths that block path to peace," by Anneke Van Woudenberg, The Independent

29 October 2008 "The Congo wars: a residue of Rwanda’s genocide," by Thijs Bouwknegt, International Justice

22 October 2008 "Commentary: Stop the 'vampires' in the Congo," by Javier Bardem and John Prendergast, CNN

21 October 2008 "Stand Up for Congo’s Women," by John Prendergast and Emmanuelle Chriqui, ENOUGH

21 October 2008 "Woman: 'They wanted to destroy my body and spirit'," by John Blake, CNN

16 October 2008 "Recent Fighting in E. Congo Has Uprooted 100,000 People, U.N. Says," by Stephanie McCrummen, The Washington Post

7 October 2008 "Government Denounces DR Congo/ FDLR Alliance," by James Karuhanga, The New Times

30 September 2008 "Peace process near collapse in eastern Congo," by ENOUGH

28 September 2008 "Amnesty International Reports Resurgence in Rape and Recruitment of Child Soldiers in North Kivu Province," by Amnesty International

25 September 2008 "Fear and tension after LRA attacks," by Missionary International Service News Agency (MISNA)

25 September 2008 "Humanitarian Crisis Deepens as Peace Process Falters," by Human Rights Watch

5 September 2008 "Lubanga’s ICC trial postponed again," by Lula Ahrens, Radio Netherlands Worldwide

1 August 2008 "Congo groups 're-arming' in east," by BBC News

21 July 2008 "Peace Accord Fails to End Killing of Civilians," by Human Rights Watch

5 July 2008 "Congolese Politician Goes Before International Court," by Marlise Simons, The New York Times

3 July 2008 "Court Orders Release of Former Militia Leader," by The Associated Press

24 June 2008 "War Against LRA Looms in Congo," by Peter Eichstaedt, Institute for War & Peace Reporting

23 June 2008 "Ituri Case Revives Village Horrors," by Peter Eichstaedt and Jacques Kahorha, Institute for War & Peace Reporting

15 June 2008 "The Weapon of Rape," by Nicholas D. Kristof, The New York Times

11 June 2008 "Sexual abuse widespread among fresh wave deportees from Angola," by IRIN

5 June 2008 "UN says Rwandan rebel attack on DR Congo refugees a 'war crime'," by Agence France-Presse

3 June 2008 "Past Due: Remove the FDLR from Eastern Congo," by Rebecca Feeley and Colin Thomas-Jensen, Enough


29 May 2008 "Sexual Violence Charges for DRC Cases Scrapped," by Taylor Toeka Kakala and Katy Glassborow, Institute for War & Peace Reporting

26 May 2008 "Small Rwandan Hutu rebel faction in Congo to disarm," by Joe Bavier, Reuters

24 May 2008 "U.N. finds over 100 bodies in east Congo mass graves," by Joe Bavier, Reuters

24 May 2008 "Former DR Congo leader arrested," by BBC News

21 May 2008 "Break the Routine on Humanitarian Assistance," by Refugees International

13 May 2008 "Four Priorities for Sustainable Peace in Ituri," by International Crisis Group

11 May 2008 "DRCongo, Uganda urge Lord's Resistance rebel to sign peace pact," by Agence France-Presse

7 May 2008 "Free child soldiers now, UN tells DRCongo militias," by Agence France-Presse

1 May 2008 "Nkunda Faces ICC Dilemma," by Institute for War & Peace Reporting

24 April 2008 "Hundreds of Congolese Flee Violence in North Kivu," by UNHCR

23 April 2008 "End The Horrific Suffering in Eastern Congo," by Colin Thomas-Jensen, ENOUGH

19 March 2008 "Disturbing New Trend in Congo," by International Medical Corps

March 2008 "
Getting Serious About Ending Conflict and Sexual Violence in Congo," by Rebecca Feeley and Colin Thomas-Jensen, ENOUGH

13 March 2008 "ICC to start first trial on June 23," by Reuters


Updates

22 January 2008
"Congo Agrees to Peace Deal With Rebels," by Lydia Polgreen, The New York Times

10 January 2008 "Fighting in Congo Rekindles Ethnic Hatreds," by Lydia Polgreen, The New York Times


7 January 2008 "Congo Opens Talks on Ending Fighting in Eastern Region," by Agence France-Press

25 December 2007 "Youths Again Forced to Fight in Congo, Aid Group Says," by Reuters, The New York Times

19 October 2007 "Congo: War Crimes Suspect in The Hague," by The New York Times

10 February 2007 "Rwandan Rebels in DRC Army," by James Munyaneza

8 February 2007 "UN Mission Steps Up Probe in Wake of Recent Deadly Violence," by UN News Service


30 January 2007 "The Hague: Congo Warlord to Face Global Justice," by The Associated Press

29 December 2006 "Kabila Allies Sweep Top Posts in Congo Parliament," by Joe Bavier

14 December 2006 "Trial Begins for Canadians Linked to War Crimes," by Kelly Patterson

14 December 2006 "Congo Trial Focuses Attention on Mining Industry," by Phuong Tran

7 December 2006 "Kabila Promises New Era for Congo: Nation Inaugurates First Freely Elected Leader Since 1960," by Eddy
Isango

7 December 2006 "In Congo's Capital, Informal Economy Is Often the Best Opportunity," by Stephanie McCrummen

4 December 2006 "DRC: Last Rebel Groups Sign Peace Deal in Ituri," by Relief Web

25 November 2006 "U.N. Investigators Find Mass Grave in Army Camp in East Congo," by Reuters

16 November 2006 "Incumbent Declared Winner in Congo Vote," by Stephanie McCrummen

15 November 2006 "Congo Faces Danger of New Civil War as Opposition Rejects Election Results," by Chris McGreal

14 November 2006 "Congo Pins Protest on Homeless," by Michelle Faul

14 November 2006 "Hundreds of Thousands Raped in Congo Wars," by Chris McGreal

8 November 2006 "DR Congo: ICC Hearing Could Pave Way for Court's First Trial," by Human Rights Watch


5 November 2006 "Tribunal to Debut with Congo Case," by Nora Boustany

2 November 2006 "Observers Deem Congo Runoff Fair, but Vote Tally Isn't Final," by Jeffrey Gettleman

28 October 2006 "Kidnapping and Turmoil Ahead of Congo Vote," by Jeffrey Gettleman

26 October 2006 "D.R. Congo: Halt Growing Violence Ahead of Elections," by Human Rights Watch

25 October 2006 "Violence Casts Shadow Over Congo Poll," by David Lewis

22 October 2006 "'They Are So Rich, and They Are So Poor' After Long Turmoil, Signs of Progress Appear in Congo," by Beth
Duff-Brown

22 October 2006 "Congolese Unity Has Its Price: Rebel Leaders Accused of War Crimes Escape Arrest or Get Army Positions,"
by David Lewis

27 September 2006 "Democratic Republic of the Congo: Refugees International Requests Security Council to Authorize an
Expanded Role for UN Peacekeeping Mission," by Kenneth Bacon

15 September 2006 "Sexual Abuse "a Cancer" in Congo: U.N. Official," by Reuters

28 August 2006 "War Crime Charge for Congo Rebel," by BBC News

20 August 2006 "Congo's Presidential Election Heads Toward October Runoff," by Jeffrey Gettleman and Anjan Sundaram

15 August 2006 "Vote Count Continues in Congo Election," by The Associated Press

14 August 2006 "DR Congo: Stop Army Clashes in North Kivu," by Human Rights Watch

3 August 2006 "Warlord Leads Incumbent in Congo, Election Observers Report," by Jeffrey Gettleman

1 August 2006 "Congo Presidential Hopeful Claims Fraud," The New York Times

31 July 2006 "Congo Holds First Multiparty Election in 46 Years," by Jeffrey Gettleman

30 July 2006 "War's Chaos Steals Congo's Young By the Millions," by Lydia Polgreen

27 July 2006 "Congo Militia Chief Signs Peace Deal before Polls," by David Lewis

24 July 2006 "Kabila Protest Shows Tensions in Congo's Regions," The New York Times

5 July 2006 "Congo: Rebels Take Eastern Town in Setback to U.N.," by Reuters

1 July 2006 "Congo Nears Historic Election, Praying for Peace," by Lydia Polgreen

13 June 2006 "U.N. Advises Congo Leaders on Vote Preparations," by Reuters

26 March 2006 "Congo, With Iraq in Mind, Faces Voting and Threats," by Marc Lacey

21 March 2006 "Congo Warlord Faces Hague Court," by Marlise Simons

19 March 2006 "Congo Warlord Handed to International Court," by Marlise Simons

17 August 2004 "More U.N. Troops Proposed For Congo," by Colum Lynch

17 August 2004 "Two Nations Threaten To Pursue Hutu Killers," by The Washington Post

16 August 2004 "The Other African Crisis," by Jason Steams

14 June 2004 "'Massive abuses' in DR Congo," by BBC News

5 February 2004 "Convoy Attacked in Congo," by Reuters

28 January 2004 "War-Crimes Panel to Take on Congo Case," by Reuters

19 August 2003 "Dogged leader thrusts aside fears over Rwanda poll," by William Wallis, The Financial Times

17 August 2003 "US military delegation arrives in Kinshasa," by Agence France Presse

16 August 2003 "
UN official warns militias DR Congo atrocities will be punished," by Agence France Presse

15 August 2003
"EU provide humanitarian aid to DRC," by Xinhua

14 August 2003 "Death threats, harrassment prevent U.N. agency from delivering relief food to thousands in isolated towns in eastern Congo," by Bryan Mealer, The Associated Press Worldstream

31 July 2003 "
11 Nations Join U.S.-Backed Force," by The Associated Press

29 July 2003 "Security Council Beefs Up Force in Congo and Broadens Mandate," by The New York Times

26 July 2003 "Congo: Cabinet Holds First Meeting," by The New York Times

19 July 2003 "Troubles For New Government," by Reuters

19 July 2003 "At a University in Congo, Lessons Are Hard-Learned," by Emily Wax

18 July 2003 "Congo Rebels Sworn In As Vice-Presidents, War Toll Mounts: Canada's Gen. Baril Helped Break Impasse Over
Army," by Agence France-Presse

17 July 2003 "Forgotten at the Heart of a War; Fighting Isolates, Terrifies Patients in Congo Hospital," by Emily Wax

16 July 2003 "U.S. and Britain, at U.N., Back French Congo Plan," by Felicity Barringer

15 July 2003 "French Patrol Exchanges Fire With Militia Near Congo Town," by Reuters

15 July 2003 "Machetes Set Aside for Guns In Congo's Bloody Conflict," by Emily Wax

10 July 2003 "U.S. Is Said to Back an Increase in U.N. Peacekeepers for Congo," by The Associated Press

27 June 2003 "U.N. Extends Peace Mission in Congo," by The New York Times

27 June 2003 "Bush Calls for Changes in Africa to End Wars and Promote Trade," by Richard W. Stevenson, The New York
Times

26 June 2003 "Congo Fighters Withdraw," The Associated Press

25 June 2003 "Latest Peace Hopes Thwarted on Africa's Battlefields," by Somini Sengupta

19 June 2003 "Congo Combatants Agree to Cease-Fire," The Associated Press

12 June 2003 "U.N. Diplomats Pay Quick Visit to Embattled Congo Town," by Somini Sengupta

9 June 2003 "Small Help for Congo," The Washington Post

9 June 2003 "Congo's Warring Factions Leave a Trail of Rape," by Somini Sengupta

8 June 2003 "Congolese Militias Trade Heavy Fire: Factions Fight for Control of Town," by Emily Wax

7 June 2003 "French Peacekeepers Arrive in Congo: U.N.-Backed Mission Seeks to Quell Ethnic Fighting and Protect Civilians,"
by Emily Wax

4 June 2003 "
Terror Persists as Congolese Await U.N. Force," by Somini Sengupta

2 June 2003 "The Congo Test," by Philip Gourevitch

31 May 2003 "Stopping the Genocide in Congo," by The New York Times

30 May 2003 "Security Council authorizes deployment of emergency force for DR of Congo," by UN News

30 May 2003 "DR of Congo: UN Human Rights Chief Applauds Deployment of Emergency Force," by UN News Centre

29 May 2003 "French Proposal for U.N. Force to Halt Congo Strife Gets Support," by Felicity Barringer

29 May 2003 "French Troops to Intervene in the Congo," by Colum Lynch

27 May 2003 "Congo War Toll Soars as U.N. Pleads for Aid," by Somini Sengupta

23 May 2003 "Pygmies Beg UN for Aid to Save Them from Congo Cannibals," by Michael Dynes

23 May 2003 "Disarmament of Rwandan Hutu Rebels in the Congo: MONUC's Impotence a Liability," by International Crisis
Group

21 May 2003 "Congo: U.N. Should Deploy a Rapid Reaction Force in Ituri," by Human Rights Watch

19 May 2003 "U.N. Says Two Observers Savagely Killed in Congo," by Reuters

16 May 2003 "Congolese Blood Bath," by Nancy Palus

16 May 2003 "Africa Plans Joint Defence Force," by Damian Zane, BBC Online News Report

16 May 2003 "Congo-Kinshasa; Ituri Factions Recommit Themselves to Peace," by UN Integrated Regional Information
Networks.

15 May 2003 "Uganda Accused of Helping to Fuel Eastern Congo Fighting," by Mark Turner and William Wallis

14 May 2003 "France Says It Will Send Troops to Congo Under U.N. Mandate," by Felicity Barringer

13 May 2003 "U.N. Council May Request Foreign Force For Congo," by Felicity Barringer

10 May 2003 "Militia Men Attack Packed U.N. Compound in Eastern Congo," by Somini Sengupta

16 January 2003 "Ivorians Begin Talks in Paris," by The Associated Press

14 January 2003 "Ivory Coast's Western Rebels Sign Truce: Two Factions Reach Agreement to Cease Fighting in Advance of Paris
Talks," by Reuters

17 December 2002 "Peace Accord Signed in Congo," by Rachel L. Swarns


11 September 2002 "Break the Silence! A Plea for Action on behalf of the Civilian Population of Ituri," by The Bunia Dossier


Genocide Watch is the Coordinator of the International Alliance to End Genocide
P.O. Box 809, Washington, D.C. 20044 USA. Phone: 1-202-643-1405
E-mail:communications@genocidewatch.org