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Rwanda

News alerts, personal stories, and articles on Rwanda can be sent to rwanda@genocidewatch.org.

Rwandan soldier killed in Darfur in attack on peacekeeping forces

United Press International

25 November 2013

KHARTOUM, Sudan, Nov. 25 (UPI) -- A Rwandan soldier serving with international peacekeeping forces was killed in an ambush Monday in North Darfur, U.N. officials say.

The non-commissioned officer died in an attack on a convoy of 60 Rwandan soldiers, the Sudan Times reported.

In a statement, the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur, referred to as UNAMID, said the attack occurred near Kabkabiya, near the border with Chad. (read more)


Rwanda senate approves genocide law

By AFP

31 July 2013

Rwanda’s Upper House Wednesday unanimously passed a Bill amending a law against “genocide ideology” that had been criticised as muzzling free speech and suppressing opposition, an AFP reporter said.

Rwanda adopted the original law in 2008, 14 years after extremists from the Hutu majority killed an estimated 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus in one of history’s worst genocides.

Rwanda’s Lower House unanimously passed the Bill earlier this month, and the Senate passed it on Wednesday.

“The next step will be for the president to sign it and it will be published in the official gazette,” said Deputy Attorney-General Jean Pierre Kayitare.

“This means that as soon as it is published, the old law will be repealed and all cases in court related to genocide ideology will immediately start using the new law.”

Rights groups had criticised the original law as too vague and said it was being used to crack down on opposition to the regime of President Paul Kagame, who led a Tutsi rebellion to take power in 1994 and end the genocide.

Under the amended law, criminal intent must be proved, and an act of inciting genocide must be carried out in front of more than one person.

The Bill punishes only “an intentional act” in public, whether in a speech, writing, video or other medium.

The action must be “characterised by thoughts based on ethnicity, religion, nationality or race to foment genocide and/or support genocide,” it reads.

Prison sentences are also reduced from 25 years to a maximum of nine in line with a new penal code that has lowered sentences in general.

© AFP, 2013

Rights group admits Congo report error but conclusions stand

By Louis Charbonneau

23 July 2013

UNITED NATIONS, July 23 (Reuters) - Human Rights Watch acknowledged on Tuesday including erroneous testimony in a report alleging that rebels in Congo carried out summary executions, raped women and recruited children while getting support from Rwanda, but said it stands by the report's conclusions.

Rwanda rejected the rights campaigner's allegations, saying that the inclusion of incorrect testimony in the group's press release on Monday undermines the entire report.
(read more)


Rwanda: 83 Percent Rwandans Believe Genocide Will Never Occur Again - Survey

By Irene Nayebare and Sarah Kwihngana

19 July 2013

Eighty-three per cent of Rwandans believe genocide will never occur again in the country, arguing that the underlying causes have been dealt with, a new report by the National Unity and Reconciliation Commission has said.

The report, launched yesterday, was a qualitative assessment of the Reconciliation Barometer that was initiated by the commission in 2010. (read more)

Calls grow for Rwanda’s president to rule beyond 2017, fuelling concern among his critics
By Associated Press
10 July 2013

KAMPALA, Uganda — Adoring crowds swarm around Rwanda’s president when he travels across the country, many begging him to run again when his current term expires.

In the state-controlled press, more and more admirers are heaping praise on President Paul Kagame and urging a change in the country’s constitution so that it would allow him more time in office. (read more)


Rwanda Clarifies DRC Position On Cessation Clause
By News Of Rwanda
23 April 2013

Rwanda has dismissed media reports suggesting that DR Congo does not approve of the implementation of the cessation clause which removes refugee status on Rwandan refugees spread across the world.
The DRC North Kivu Governor Julien Paluku told MONUSCO's Radio Okapi yesterday that his government had rejected the Pretoria resolutions at the Ministerial meeting in South Africa on April 18 where Rwanda renewed its desire to have all refugees returning home or remaining in host countries as nationals not refugees.
According to Radio Okapi, the North Kivu Governor said that his country had refused such agreement, because it would automatically turn the Rwandan refugees into Congolese.
Speaking on American broadcaster VOA Tuesday morning, Rwanda's Minister of disaster management and refugee affairs, Ms Seraphine MUKANTABANA said the media reports were wrong and misleading. The minister added that the Radio Okapi report was "shocking" as she had not heard anything like that officially from DRC. (read more)

Rwanda: Policies in Rwanda Should Be Set in Consideration of Genocide History – Kabarebe
by News of Rwanda
15 April 2013

The Minister of Defence Gen. James Kabarebe has said that any policy in Rwanda must take into consideration the history of Genocide against Tutsi. He made the statement at the National University of Rwanda (NUR) where he was addressing the community in the framework of the 19th commemoration of the Genocide against Tutsi. Kabarebe introduced his presentation by hailing NUR for its initiative of organizing the commemorative activities which he described as a contribution to build a bright future of Rwanda. (read more)


Rwanda : 25 ans de prison requis en appel contre l'opposante Ingabire
Par Jeune Afrique
17 Avril 2013

Le Parquet rwandais a requis, le 16 avril, une peine de 25 ans de prison contre l'opposante Victoire Ingabire, jugée en appel après avoir été condamnée à huit ans de prison en première instance pour "conspiration" et négation du génocide de 1994. Le plaidoyer est prévu jeudi. Sept mois plus tôt, elle risquait la prison à vie, Victoire Ingabire n’avait écopé finalement que huit ans d’emprisonnement. En octobre 2012, lors du procès en première instance, si le procureur avait requis la perpétuité contre l'opposante rwandaise, les juges ne l'avaient pas suivi, acquittant l'accusée notamment des chefs de « propagation de l'idéologie de génocide » et « mise en place d'un groupe armé ». (en lire plus)


Rwanda: UN Admits Failure in 1994 Genocide, Pledges Support
By Dawnn Anderson and Eugene Kwibuka, The New Times
11 April 2013

The United Nations has pledged to unreservedly support Rwanda's road towards development, self-reliance, and peace after the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi, despite the organisation's poor response during the Genocide.

The pledge was highlighted by the UN Resident Coordinator, Lamin M. Manneh, during an event organised by the entire UN staff in Rwanda to mark the 19th anniversary of the Genocide against the Tutsi, and to remember former UN employees killed in the Genocide. (read more)


Why President Kagame Runs Rwanda Like a Business
By Justin Fox , Harvard Business Review
04 April 2013

In Western business circles, Rwandan President Paul Kagame is widely regarded as a hero. The leader of the rebel army that put a halt to the massacre of the country's Tutsi minority by its Hutu majority in 1994, Kagame has been the country's president since 2000 (and was the vice president and de facto leader before then). He has presided over an economic and social rebirth, with Rwanda making dramatic gains in health and development indicators (watching its recent progress on Gapminder is a remarkable sight). And he has assembled a high-powered Western fan club consisting of, among others, Howard Schultz, Bill Gates, and Tony Blair.

In other circles, Kagame is not so popular. Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch both accuse him of heavy-handedly stifling political dissent. A United Nations report held him responsible for killings by a rebel group in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo. Britain and Belgium have cut back on aid. In a lengthy Newsweek article in January, former New York Times correspondent Howard French depicted Kagame as an out-of-control tyrant.
(read more)


Porter and Kagame, Photo by Jimmy Ushkurnis

Rwanda: Simbikangwa to Appear Before French Court Over Genocide
By Jean De La Croix Tabaro, in The New Times
2 April 2013

Prosecution in France has obtained, from the Paris intermediate court, an order to file a case against Pascal Simbikangwa in criminal courts.
Simbikangwa is accused of complicity in genocide and crimes against humanity. According to media reports, prosecution in France accused him of having armed Interahamwe militia and ordered them to kill Tutsis, especially in the former Gisenyi prefecture in the north west of the country.
The investigation over the role Simbikangwa played during 1994 Genocide against Tutsi started in 2009, one year after he was arrested in Mayotte, a French island. Later on, he was transferred to a prison based in France Metropolitan.
A former army captain and member of the intelligence in the genocidal regime, also believed to be one of the 'Akazu extremist group', Simbikangwa would be the first Rwandan tried by French courts. According to French laws, Simbikangwa has ten days to appeal over this decision. (read more)


Rwanda won't accept victimization over DRC
By: New Vision Online (UG)
30 March 2013

President Paul Kagame has said Rwanda will not be victimized over the DR Congo crisis, which it neither created, nor compounds.
Speaking at the leadership retreat at Gabiro School of Infantry in Rwanda on Thursday, Kagame said last year’s high-level UN meeting on the DR Congo crisis on September 27, in New York, was convened to “hang” Rwanda. (read more)

 


US indicates Rwanda hasn’t assured safe passage of Congolese warlord at embassy
By Associated Press
20 March 2013

NAIROBI, Kenya — The United States appears to be worried that Rwanda won’t allow a warlord from Congo now camped out in the U.S. Embassy safe passage to the airport to be flown to the International Criminal Court for prosecution. (read more)


Photo: Paulo Filgueiras /UN

Rwanda: In the Shadow of the Baobab - Kagame Blows Cold and Hot On a Third Mandate
Analysis by Kris Berwouts, African Arguments/ All Africa
18 March 2013

In October 1990, after Fred Rwigyema's death on the third day the struggle to conquer Rwanda, Paul Kagame took over the command over the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) and led it to victory in July 1994.

He became Vice-President and Minister of Defense in the transitional government installed after the Rwandan genocide. In March 2000, President Pasteur Bizimungu felt that he could no longer contribute to a regime dominated by the RPF. He resigned and Kagame became the Head of State. He has subsequebtly won presidential elections in 2003 and 2010.

In 2017, when his second mandate as an elected President expires, he will have led the RPF for 27 years and will have been Rwanda's most powerful individual for 23 years (for 17 of which he has been the country's President). The Constitution, adopted by referendum in May 2003, foresees a maximum of two consecutive mandates for the Head of State. This means that he cannot stand for a new term in 2017. (read more)


Rwanda: French Prosecutors Call for Genocide Trial of Former Rwandan Army Captain.

 

4 MARCH 2013

All Africa

French prosecutors have called for a former captain in the Rwandan army to be put on trial for his alleged role in Rwanda's 1994 genocide.

Investigating magistrates will decide whether Pascal Simbikangwa, who was arrested on the French island of Mayotte in 2008, will face charges of "complicity in genocide" and "complicity in crimes against humanity".

If the 53-year old is charged, it would be France's first attempt to prosecute over the genocide.

In 1994, Simbikangwa was an intelligence officer under Rwanda's Hutu government led by president Juvénal Habyarimnana.

Habyarimnana's assassination in April that year led to the genocide of up to a million people, mostly Tutsis, in the space of 100 days. In early 2010, France established a new unit to investigate cases of genocide and crimes against humanity involving suspects detained in France.

Simbikangwa has been held in detention in France since his arrest.France has repeatedly refused to extradite genocide suspects to Rwanda, fearing they would be denied a fair trial, but it has sent some to Tanzania to be tried at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR).

Several reports and investigations, including those carried out by France, Rwanda and the United Nations, have criticised France's role in Rwanda during the genocide.

The issue remains a sore point in relations between France and Rwanda.

 

© copyright All Africa 2013


Peace plan for DRC: another illusion?

Joseph Rwagatare

February 26, 2013

The search for peace in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) continues. On Sunday 24th February, a peace plan for the country was signed in the Ethiopian Capital, Addis Ababa, by several countries, blocs and organisations with a stake in the stability of the DRC and the wider region.

They included the United Nations, African Union, member countries of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) and the Southern Africa Development Community. SADC)

Does this mean that the long suffering Congolese are about to see the end of their misery? You would have to be an incorrigible optimist even to imagine that.

There are many sceptics who will actually say that there have been such plans and agreements before and they have all come to nought. They will ask: has anything changed?  Is there a stronger will that will push what has hitherto been immovable?

Others will point to the large number of countries and organisations involved and say not much can come from such a diverse group. (read more)

Convicted NH Woman Might Be Sent Back to Rwanda

By Lynne Tuohy

 Associated Press

February 21, 2013

A woman convicted of lying about her role in the 1994 Rwanda genocide to obtain U.S. citizenship could be sent back to her native country.

A federal judge stripped Rwanda native Beatrice Munyenyezi of her U.S. citizenship after a jury convicted her on Thursday of two counts of masking her role in the genocide to gain refugee status and ultimately citizenship.

Munyenyezi, 43, is back behind bars, where she spent 22 months between her indictment in 2010 and the jury deadlocking in her first trial last year. She was released to home confinement in Manchester the month after that mistrial. She faces up to 10 years in prison when sentenced in June and could face deportation back to Rwanda, an impoverished African country, if her appeals fail. (read more)


Rwanda: Mugesera Pleads Not Guilty

BY JEAN DE LA CROIX TABARO

The New York Times

15 FEBRUARY 2013

Genocide suspect Leon Mugesera yesterday pleaded not guilty to the multiple charges prosecution placed against him.

He was charged with inciting the masses to take part in genocide, planning and preparing genocide, conspiracy in the crime of genocide, torture as a crime against mankind, and inciting hatred among people.

Previously, the former lecturer refused to plead guilty or not guilty when his trial started at the Special Chamber of High Court.

But during yesterday's hearing, court again asked Mugesera to respond to the charges against him after he admitted that he attended the Kabaya meeting in the former Gisenyi prefecture, where he made the speech that forms the basis of the prosecution charges. (read more)


Jury gets case in Rwanda native's trial in NH

By LYNNE TUOHY

Associated Press

February 20, 2013

CONCORD, N.H. (AP) — Did Beatrice Munyenyezi have ‘‘a front row seat’’ on the 1994 Rwanda genocide, as prosecutors say, or was she the scared, pregnant young mother who left her native country for the U.S. as her lawyers portrayed her to be?

For the second time in a year a federal jury must decide the answer and her fate, after jurors last March deadlocked on who she was and what she did during the 100-day massacre of hundreds of thousands of Tutsis and moderate Hutus by the extremist Hutu militia.

The jury heard closing arguments Wednesday and is to begin deliberations Thursday. Munyenyezi has not taken the stand in her defense at either trial. (read more)


Rwanda: ICTR Speaks Out On Genocide Cases in France

BY EDWIN MUSONI

All Africa

 20 FEBRUARY 2013

The Registrar of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) has said that structural concerns are the reason France has delayed to try cases of Wenceslas Munyeshyaka and Laurent Bucyibaruta which were referred to Paris under the tribunal's completion strategy in 2007.

Christopher Bongani Majola was addressing a news briefing after meeting with the Justice Minister, Tharcisse Karugarama, yesterday.

He outlined a series of reasons as to why the two cases referred to France have not been tried up to date.

"The issue of the two cases transferred to France remain of grave concern to the entire tribunal. The cases have been delayed for quite a long time but the ICTR has not just sat down and done nothing. We have sent delegations to France to express our concerns that the investigations are moving slowly and that they are not reaching the trial stage," said Majola. (read more)


Norway: Rwandan Convicted for His Role in 1994 Genocide
The Associated Press
14 February 2013

A Norwegian court on Thursday convicted a Rwandan man living in Norway for participating in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda and sentenced him to 21 years in prison. The Oslo District Court found the man, Sadi Bugingo, 47, guilty of complicity in the premeditated killings of at least 2,000 people belonging mainly to the Tutsi ethnic group. Mr. Bugingo, who denied all the charges, said he would appeal. He arrived in Norway in 2001. He was granted a residence permit in 2005 and worked in Bergen until he was arrested in 2011. The United Nations estimated that 800,000 people were killed in the 1994 genocide, carried out by Hutu extremists against the Tutsi minority and Hutu moderates. (Read More)


 
Rwanda: Huye Murder Trial Kicks Off

By Jean Pierre Bucyensenge
16 November 2012

Nyanz — A judge at the itinerant chamber of the High Court in Nyanza has set December 14 for the ruling in the case against the Executive Secretary of Kigoma Sector, Huye District, Festus Habyarimana and four conspirators who were charged with murder. Besides Habyarimana, the others are Police constables Fabiola Uwiragiye and Frank Rugamba as well as Steven Karemera a.k.a Maridadi, a reservist. A fifth suspect, also a reservist, David Ngezahayo, was absent in the court when the hearing opened on Thursday. He is said to be out on bail. They are facing the charges of murder, conspiracy to commit murder and violation of a person's domicile. (read more)

Rwanda: ICTR/ Completion Strategy - Rwanda Tribunal 'Expects to Meet Closure Target'

AllAfrica
8 November 2012

Arusha — The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda expects to complete all its judicial activities by the end of 2014, in accordance with a UN deadline, ICTR officials told Hirondelle on Thursday. To help the Tribunal meet the deadline, the UN set up the Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals (MICT), which in July took over some of the ICTR's functions. "According to the current evaluation of the President (of the Tribunal), all the ICTR's judicial activities should be completed around December 31, 2014, as specified," said ICTR spokesperson Roland Amoussouga. The current President of the ICTR is Danish judge Vagn Joensen. "According to the President, there are now two main judicial tasks for the ICTR, which are to complete the last first-instance trial, and to clear all other judgments and decisions," said Amoussouga. The only trial still before a first-instance court is that of former Rwandan Planning Minister Augustin Ngirabatware. A judgment is expected before the end of this year, according to Tribunal forecasts. (read more)

Rwanda opposition leader sentenced to 8 years in prison on charges of treason, genocide denial

The Washington Post, Associated Press
30 October 2012

KIGALI, Rwanda — A Rwandan court sentenced the country’s top opposition political leader to eight years in prison on Tuesday for treason and on a charge stemming from this central African nation’s murderous ethnic attacks 18 years ago — genocide denial. The opposition leader, Victoire Ingabire, returned to Rwanda in 2010 after living abroad for 16 years and quickly visited the country’s genocide memorial, where she asked why Hutus killed in the violence were not recognized like the minority Tutsis were. She had planned to run for president but instead was arrested. More than 500,000 Rwandans, mostly ethnic Tutsis and moderate Hutus, were killed in Rwanda’s 1994 genocide. In the wake of that violence, the government set out to de-emphasize ethnicity. Many in the country now identify themselves simply as a Rwandan, not a Hutu or Tutsi. (read more)

Rwanda: First Dutch Citizen to Face Genocide Charges

AllAfrica
22 October 2012

The 65-year old Yvonne Basebya Ntacyobatabara was living quietly with her husband in the southern Dutch province of Limburg when, in 2010, she was arrested on suspicion of genocide. She is accused of leading a group of young men in the mass murder of Tutsis and moderate Hutus in Rwanda in 1994. Her trial begins today in a court in The Hague. Ntacyobatabara has had Dutch nationality since 2004 and, according to the Public Prosecutor's office, she is one of a number of Rwandans living in the Netherlands who may be guilty of war crimes. She denies all the charges. Her lawyer Victor Koppe claims the evidence against her is unreliable and that she in fact sheltered Tutsi children in her home near the capital Kigali while the genocide was taking place. More than 70 witnesses are expected to testify during the case which has taken many months to prepare. Both prosecutors and defence lawyers have travelled many times to Rwanda, and interviewed witnesses all around the world, including in America, South Africa, Switzerland, Malawi and Kenya. Ntacyobatabara is the first Dutch citizen to face genocide charges. The trial will take two months with a ruling not expected until 2013. (article)

© AllAfrica, 2012

Rwanda warns against cutting aid over Congo rebels

By Michelle Nichols and Louis Charbonneau, Reuters
18 October, 2012

UNITED NATIONS | - Rwanda's foreign minister warned on Thursday that it would be "the biggest mistake" for any countries to withdraw aid to Kigali over a U.N. report accusing Rwanda's defense minister of commanding rebels in neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo. The United States, Sweden and the Netherlands have all suspended some aid to Rwanda, which relies on donors for about 40 percent of its budget. Last month the European Union froze further budgetary support to Rwanda. However, Britain unblocked part of its cash in September, praising Rwanda for constructively pursuing peace. "It would be the biggest mistake that any donor country could make for Rwanda," Foreign Minister Louise Mushikiwabo told Reuters at the United Nations, shortly after Rwanda won a seat on the U.N. Security Council. "Rwanda is deserving of aid." "I think Britain has made the right choice," she said. A confidential report by the Security Council's "Group of Experts," seen by Reuters on Tuesday, said Rwanda and Uganda - despite their strong denials - continued to support so-called M23 rebels with arms and troops in their six-month fight against Congolese troops in the east of the country. (read more)

Rwanda elected to UN Security Council amid investigation of its role in Congo rebellion

By The Washington Post, Associated Press
18 October 2012

UNITED NATIONS — Rwanda was among five nations elected to the U.N. Security Council on Thursday, amid an ongoing investigation by a U.N. panel of its role in neighboring Congo’s rebellion. The election of Rwanda was likely to renew questions about the image of the council, as it tries to overcome division and find a way to end the war in Syria. The country relies on citizen militias for basic security, but do they have too much autonomy and power? An unpublished U.N. experts’ report, leaked to the media this week, accuses Rwanda and Uganda of actively supporting the M23 rebels in eastern Congo. Rwanda and Uganda deny the charges. The M23’s rebellion has caused more than 200,000 villagers in the province of North Kivu to flee their homes this year. Eastern Congo has been engulfed in fighting since the 1994 Rwanda genocide. (read more)

US Appeals Court Affirms Oklahoma Rwandan Ruling

Tim Talley, Associated Press
October 11, 2012

A federal appeals court refused Wednesday to revive a lawsuit that alleges Rwandan President Paul Kagame ordered the deaths of the former leaders of Rwanda and Burundi. The 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver handed down the decision in a lawsuit filed by the widows of Juvenal Habyarimana, then president of Rwanda, and Cyprien Ntaryamira, the former president of Burundi. The two leaders were aboard an aircraft that was shot down by two surface-to-air missiles as it approached the Rwandan capital of Kigali on April 16, 1994. The decision by a three-judge panel of the appeals court says their deaths fueled the Rwandan genocide, which spread violence across East Central Africa and led to the deaths of between 500,000 and 1 million people.
(read more)

Rwanda: Criminal Tribunal Ruling On Gatete a Disgrace

AllAfrica
11 October 2012

Insensitivity is the word that can best be suited to describe some judges of the International Criminal tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). While judges are supposed to put away their emotions and biases, and base their decisions solely on evidence when deciding on a case, some of their actions leave one speechless. If someone can be found guilty of attempted murder and is given a life sentence, how can another be found guilty of mass murder by the ICTR and is given 15 years, serves three quarters of the sentence and set free on the streets? On many occasions, the trial chamber of the ICTR has found some of the most notorious mass murderers on this planet guilty of Genocide, and handed down a stiff sentence, only for the Appeals chamber to reduce it on some flimsy grounds. The "Mastermind of the Genocide", Col. Theoneste Bagosora and the "Butcher of Murambi", Jean Baptiste Gatete, and many others, were sentenced to life in prison, the Appeals Chamber came to the same conclusions but gave them reduced sentences, with the possibility of them walking the streets again - as is the case for some today. Is it because they don't really understand the gravity of Genocide or are they simply playing God - deciding on life or death when they feel like it - or are they simply insensitive by nature? (article)


 © AllAfrica, 2012

Rwanda: International Court Reduces Suspect's Sentence to 40 Years

Edwin Musoni, AllAfrica
10 October 2012

The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda yesterday cut the sentence of Jean Baptiste Gatete, popularly known as the Butcher of Murambi, to 40 years. Gatete had been sentenced to life. Gatete, a former director in the Ministry of Women and Family Affairs, is notorious in the former Murambi Commune, now in Eastern Province, where he had served as Bourgmestre (Mayor) many years prior to the Genocide. (read more)

Rwanda donors were too quick to suspend aid, says fragile states expert

Mark Tran, The Guardian
3 October, 2012

LSE's Professor James Putzel warns against aid donors sticking rigidly to formulas on democracy, human rights and governance Donors have acted hastily in suspending aid to Rwanda over allegations that it is supporting a rebel insurgency in the neighbouring Democratic Republic of the Congo, according to a leading expert on "fragile states". Professor James Putzel, co-author of Meeting the Challenges of Crisis States, a report from the London School of Economics, questioned the decision of the EU, the US and Germany in partially freezing aid to Rwanda amid accusations that its military is supporting the violent rebel group M23. President Paul Kagame has vehemently rejected the allegations. Britain's position has been more ambiguous: after initially freezing £16m of general budget support to the country in July, it unblocked half that amount last month, which provoked criticism. "Donors have been precipitous in suspending aid," said Putzel. "The evidence is much more mixed and it's complicated. Of course there are some ethnic and family links across the border, but generally the Rwandan government has been judicious in staying its hand." (read more)

Rwanda's president, Paul Kagame, addresses the UN general assembly in New York last month. President Paul Kagame has strongly denied claims that Rwanda has backed rebel insurgents in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Photograph: Jason Szenes/EPA

Rwanda's Kagame defiant over accusations of backing Congo rebels

Jenny Clover, Reuters
4 October, 2012

* Western "bullies" are "dead wrong" -President Kagame
* Says freezing aid an injustice, will make Rwandans defiant
* Rwandan, Congo leaders fail to resolve row at UN meeting
* Rebel crisis fuels tension in Africa's most volatile region

KIGALI, Oct 4 (Reuters) - President Paul Kagame said on Thursday Western governments were "dead wrong" in blaming Rwanda for the rebellion in neighbouring eastern Congo and threatening Kigali with aid cuts, and he pledged to stand firm against his accusers. The United States urged Rwanda on Monday to publicly condemn rebels who have seized parts of Congo's east, an appeal that highlighted U.S. frustration over Kigali's alleged involvement. Kagame has not openly denounced the M23 insurgency, and instead told parliament that wanton killings were being carried out in the Congo "in broad daylight" but not being condemned by that country's government or by the West. (read more)

Rwanda: Govt Must Investigate Unlawful Detention and Torture by Military Intelligence

AllAfrica, Amnesty International (London)
8 October, 2012

Rwanda's military intelligence department known as J2 has illegally held scores of civilians in military detention without charge or trial amid credible claims of torture, Amnesty International states today in a new report. Rwanda: Shrouded in Secrecy: Illegal Detention and Torture by Military Intelligence reveals unlawful detention, enforced disappearances, as well as allegations of torture by J2. The report details credible accounts of individuals being subjected to serious beatings, electric shocks and sensory deprivation to force confessions during interrogations. (read more)

Rwanda: World Leaders' Talk At UN Assembly Did More Harm Than Good

AllAfrica
1 October, 2012

The rhetoric during the just concluded United Nation's General Assembly was uncharacteristically sharp and some would say extremely undiplomatic. One after the other, leaders of nations the 193-nation body formed several decades ago to promote peace in the world, took the floor to throw insults, threaten violence, trade counter accusations. (read more)

At U.N., Rwanda defiantly rejects claims of Congo rebel support

Michelle Nichols, Reuters
27 September, 2012

UNITED NATIONS (Reuters) - Rwanda defiantly denied claims at the United Nations on Thursday that it was aiding rebels in Democratic Republic of Congo and rejected U.N. chief Ban Ki-moon's summary of a meeting on the crisis, diplomats said. According to Ban, most states attending a high-level meeting on the sidelines of the U.N. General Assembly with Rwandan President Paul Kagame and Congolese President Joseph Kigali "condemned all forms of external support" to the rebels. Kagame said after the meeting that Rwanda rejected allegations it was supporting the M23 rebels and said that "solving the crisis will be impossible if the international community continues to define the issue erroneously." M23 rebels, who have ties to a warlord wanted by the International Criminal Court for war crimes, Bosco Ntaganda, have been fighting government soldiers in eastern Congo's North Kivu province since April. Some 320,000 civilians have been displaced. (read more)

U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon joins the hands of Rwandan President Paul Kagame (R) and Congolese President Joseph Kabila (L) at a meeting during the 67th United Nations General Assembly at the U.N. headquarters in New York September 27, 2012. REUTERS/Keith Bedford


Philip Gourevitch: Memory is a disease

Cecile Alduy, Boston Review
26 September, 2012

The New Yorker staff writer discusses the dangers of narrative simplification and the role of literary reportage On July 25, Philip Gourevitch gave the keynote address to the Human Rights Lecture Series at Stanford University. A long-time staff writer for The New Yorker, Gourevitch has written about the Iraq War and Abu Ghraib, the 2004 U.S. presidential campaign, French politics, and conflicts in Africa and the Middle East. His account of the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide, We Wish To Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families: Stories from Rwanda, won the National Book Critics Circle Award and was included in the Guardian’s list of the 100 greatest nonfiction books. In 2009, Gourevitch started reporting again from Rwanda. We met over drinks before his lecture to discuss the challenges of writing about the history that we are in the midst of making, the burdens of memory and the appeal of forgetting, the dangers of narrative simplification, the limits of humanitarianism, and the messiness of politics. (read more)

Rwanda Denies Supporting M23 in DRC, Cites 'Historical Reality'

Scott Stearns
27 September, 2012

UNITED NATIONS — Rwanda is rejecting United Nations allegations that it is backing a militia group in eastern provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo. U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon wants an end to outside support for those rebel groups. Secretary-General Ban said the militia group known as M23 is consolidating its control over areas of Congo's North Kivu province. "Its members are raping, murdering and pillaging local populations as part of a campaign of terror," he said. In a meeting Thursday on the crisis, Ban said Congo's neighbors must abide by U.N. Security Council resolutions prohibiting outside interference. "I am very concerned about continuing reports of external support for the M23. I call on all those responsible to end this destabilizing assistance. The sovereignty and territorial integrity of the DRC is inviolable and must be fully respected by all of the DRC's neighbors," said Ban. (read more)

M23 rebel fighters celebrate in the rain at Rumangabo after government troops abandoned the town 23 kilometers north of the eastern Congolese city of Goma, July 28, 2012.  By Scott Stearns

 Rwanda: Govt Committed to an Effective UN - Kagame 

AllAfrica
26 September, 2012

President Paul Kagame, Tuesday evening, told the UN General Assembly that Rwanda is committed to a more effective United Nations and subscribes to the ideals and principles on which the world body was founded.

Speaking in New York, the President said Rwanda will continue to contribute towards various programmes for development and peace.

"From our role in promoting the Millennium Development Goals and supporting the Broadband Commission for Digital Development, to our troops participating in peace keeping missions, we hope to contribute and participate even more going forward," Kagame said.

Rwanda is the 6th largest contributor of peace keepers with troops deployed in five countries, including in Sudan's Darfur region and Haiti which is still recovering from the 2010 earthquake that claimed more hundreds of thousand of lives and left over a million homeless.

He added that while Rwanda has had mixed experiences with the UN, since it became a member, of recent, the relationship has taken a positive dimension and there is optimism that it will remain positive. (read more)

Exclusive: Clinton presses Rwanda, DRC leaders on border crisis

Andrew Quinn, Reuters2
5 September, 2012

NEW YORK - Secretary of State Hillary Clinton pressed the presidents of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo to resolve a conflict over rebels in eastern Congo whose military advances have stoked tensions in one of Africa's most volatile regions.

Clinton sat down with Rwandan President Paul Kagame and Congolese President Joseph Kabila in New York on Monday, delivering a firm message to both that steps must be taken to resolve the crisis, a senior U.S. official said on Tuesday. (read more)

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton delivers remarks during the launch of the Equal Futures Partnership at the InterContinental Hotel in New York September 24, 2012.

REUTERS/Andrew Kelly


 Rwanda: Sweden to Try Genocide Suspect

Edwin Musoni, AllAfrica
25 September, 2012 

Swedish authorities have announced that the trial of a man accused of participating in the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi is scheduled to begin in November.

According to Swedish prosecutor Magnus Elving, the man, whose identity has not been disclosed, obtained Swedish citizenship in 2008.

 "He was arrested at the end of 2011 and has been held in detention since then, and I think he should be charged in November," Elving told AFP, adding that the trial should run from November to May.

The man is suspected of "the most serious crimes": genocide and crimes against international law, Elving said, and that it's the first time someone faces trial for genocide is Sweden.

If convicted, he faces Sweden's maximum sentence of life imprisonment, which means that after serving 10 years in prison he can ask a court to give him a set number of years behind bars. (read more)

Rwanda Recognised for Universal Healthcare

Evaline Namuwaya
21 September, 2012

Rwanda is one of the nine countries in Africa and Asia making significant progress to make universal healthcare systems possible, a new study shows. The study is part of a series of articles on health reforms published in the US-based scientific journal, The Lancet. It shows progress made by nine developing countries in Africa and Asia in extending healthcare to ever-widening sections of society, including the poor. These are Ghana, Rwanda, Nigeria, Mali, India, Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam.

According to the study entitled "Moving towards Universal Health Coverage: Health Reforms in Nine Developing Countries in Africa and Asia" more than three-quarters of the populations of Rwanda and the Philippines are now enrolled in health insurance programmes. About half are covered in Ghana, Vietnam and Indonesia. Countries in the early stages of reform, like Mali, Kenya, India and Nigeria, cover less than 20 per cent. The nine countries have each reached a national consensus on the need to extend health care, but their approaches vary. (read more)

Rwanda is not an Authoritarian Regime

Michael Fairbanks, The New York Times
19 September, 2012

Michael Fairbanks is the co-founder of the SEVEN Fund, a philanthropic foundation in Cambridge, Mass.

Paul Kagame's critics say that he foments the war in Eastern Congo and suppresses opposition parties at home. These views prosper in the absence of facts.
The government of Rwanda has been accused of cracking down on so-called opposition newspapers. On April 13, 2010, the government issued six-month suspensions to two Kinyarwanda-language newspapers, Umuvugizi and Umuseso, for publishing language such as the following:
 "He who refuses a peaceful political revolution makes a bloody revolution." (Umuseso)
These words reflected reality on Feb. 19 and March 4 of that year, when terrorists threw grenades into public establishments in Kigali and killed innocent civilians. Rwanda knows a lot about freedom of speech and the role of the press. After all, the Hutu Power press helped ignite the 1994 genocide.    
Paul Kagame has successfully built modern institutions on traditional values. Today, Rwanda is a different place: growth has averaged almost 8 percent over the last decade, wages have increased by 30 percent in the key export sectors, street crime is almost unknown and corruption measures among the lowest in Africa. Two weeks ago, Rwanda was named the third most competitive economy in all of Africa, after South Africa and Mauritius. (read more)

Rwanda Genocide Fugitive May Be Hiding in Zimbabwe

ABC News
19 September, 2012

Zimbabwe police offer $5 million reward for information on a Rwandan genocide fugitive they say may be hiding in Zimbabwe. (read more)

Rwanda court grants 2-month delay to Canada deportee

AFP19
September, 2012 

KIGALI — A Rwandan court on Tuesday granted a two-month adjournment to a former politician accused of incitement to genocide, who was deported from Canada in January after a prolonged legal battle, officials said. The postponement is to allow the accused, Leon Mugesera, extra time to study his 40,000-page case file from Canada. (read more)

Rwanda: Mugesera Substantive Trial Begins Today

Edwin Musoni, All Africa

17 September 2012


The High Court will today start hearing in substance, the case involving Genocide suspect, Leon Mugesera, Prosecution Spokesman Alain Mukurarinda told The New Times yesterday.

Mugesera is accused of making an infamous speech in 1992 that allegedly played a major role in sparking the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi, in which radical ethnic Hutus killed more than one million Tutsi.

He was in January this year deported from Canada after losing a legal battle that lasted close to two decades.
He has since January battled with the courts on his pre-trial making several applications that he appealed against in different courts.(read more)

Heroes Of Genocide: Australian Exhibit Celebrates Ordinary People Who Stood Up To Evil

Huffington Post By Dominique Mosbergen
26 July 2012

In 1994, Rwanburindi Enoch and his wife were a relatively prosperous Hutu couple, living a quiet and fulfilling life in their village in Rwanda. But within the span of a few traumatic weeks, Enoch's country was rocked by a genocide so swift and brutal that almost 20 percent of its population was eventually wiped out by militants. Over the course of approximately 100 days, about 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus were murdered in Rwanda. With ethnic tensions and fear of persecution running high, many Hutus either adopted the Hutu Power ideology or turned a blind eye to the violence around them. (Read More)

Graveyard in Rwanda AP/Wide World Photo

Country Profile:  Rwanda, a country still recovering from genocide

By Genocide Watch
February 2012

(En français)

The Rwandan genocide in 1994 killed 800 000 Rwandans in 100 days - Africa’s fastest, intentionally planned genocide. It was a glaring example of the failure of international institutions like the UN and of leading nation-states like the US, Belgium, France, and the UK to prevent or stop genocide.  It was a shocking reminder that genocide has happened again and again since 1945. The “Never Again” in UN resolutions after the Holocaust proved to be an empty promise.  Rwanda shocked the world.

The Rwandan genocide was followed by innumerable reports, by the creation of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in 1995, by the International Criminal Court in 2002, and by a new emphasis on prevention at the United Nations symbolized in 2004 by creation of the Special Adviser to the UN Secretary General for the Prevention of Genocide.  Genocide Watch played a major role in all of these initiatives.

The 1994 genocide followed generations of ethnic tensions between the Hutu majority and the Tutsi minority. Belgian colonialism played a significant role in establishing the divide between the two groups, by issuing identification cards in 1933.  They included each individual’s group identity, Tutsi, Hutu or Twa. They thus reified group identity for each person and made changes from one group to another quite difficult.  One’s group identity was patrilineal.  If one’s father was Tutsi, one was Tutsi, even if the Tutsi father had married a Hutu and one’s mother was Hutu.

Prior to independence, Belgian colonialists ruled indirectly through the Tutsi aristocracy, and Tutsis received preference for placement in secondary schools, government, and the priesthood.  This order was turned on its head from 1959 to 1962, as Rwanda became independent.  There were many anti-Tutsi massacres, and hundreds of thousands of Tutsis fled into neighboring Uganda and into Tutsi ruled Burundi.  From independence in 1962 until 1994, the single political party associated with the Hutu majority ruled the country and discriminated against the Tutsi minority. The dehumanization of Tutsis was a prominent feature of genocidal massacres in 1959, 1962, and 1972.

In 1990, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), a rebel group led by Tutsi refugees in Uganda, invaded Rwanda.  Its leaders had risen to prominent positions in the Ugandan army.  Full civil war broke out, and the RPF moved swiftly.  They were repulsed by the Rwandan Armed Forces before they conquered Kigali only with considerable assistance from France.  A ceasefire was declared, and the RPF began negotiations with the Rwanda government.  The Arusha Peace Accords  were signed in 1993 by Rwandan President Habyarimana and by the RPF.  The Arusha Accords would have opened the Rwandan political system to multi-party elections, abolished ethnic ID cards, and established a government of national unity that included RPF representatives.

Hutu Power advocates believed the Arusha Accords gave up far too much power, and they formed extremist political parties to oppose implementation of the agreement.  They also planned the Rwandan genocide, organized, trained and armed militias (the interahamwe) to do most of the killing, established hate radio stations (Radio Television Libre des Milles Collines) that relentlessly called Tutsis “cockroaches” and aggravated ethnic tensions, and assassinated moderate Hutu leaders who opposed genocide.

read more


Le Rwanda va se pencher sur les cas de tortures à l'égard de ses ressortissants en RDC

Par AFP
27 juillet 2012

 La ministre rwandaise des Affaires étrangères et de la Coopératon, Mme Louise Mushikiwabo, a qualifié jeudi d''incident extrêmement grave', le maltraitement de ressortissants rwandais qui continuent d'être la cible aux tortures par l'armée de la République Démocratique du Congo (RDC), notamment dans la partie est du pays.

Cette déclaration d'un officiel rwandais intervient après la mort d'un ressortissant rwandais qui a succombé des conséquences de la torture qui lui a été infligée dans un camp militaire de Katindo situé à l'est de la RDC, selon un communiqué officiel transmis à la PANA à Kigali. (read more)


Mandat du personnel du tribunal pour le Rwanda

Par Afriquejet
1 juillet 2012 

Le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies a décidé d'autoriser quatre magistrats du tribunal de l'ONU jugeant les crimes graves commis durant le génocide rwandais de 1994 à servir au delà de leurs mandats prévus, afin que le tribunal puisse terminer sa tâche d'ici la date butoir de décembre 2014.

Dans une résolution adoptée à l'hunaminité, le Conseil a décidé que le Juge William Sekule de la Tanzanie, le Juge Solomy Balungi Bossa et le Juge Mparany Mamy Richard Rajohnson de Madagascar pourront rester en poste jusqu'à l'aboutissement des procès qu'ils ont entamés avant la date d'expiration de leurs mandats fixés au 30 juin'. (read more)


Rwandan ex-army official jailed for life over genocide

By Reuters
19 June 2012

DAR ES SALAAM (Reuters) - The U.N. war crimes court for Rwanda sentenced former military officer Ildephonse Nizeyimana to life in prison on Tuesday after he was found guilty of involvement in his country's 1994 genocide.

The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), based in Arusha in Tanzania, convicted Nizeyimana, 48, of authorising the killing of Rwanda's former Tutsi queen, Rosalie Gicanda, towards the end of April 1994, and other murders.

"Having considered the gravity of the crimes ... the chamber has the discretion to impose a single sentence and chooses to do so. Considering the relevant circumstances, the chamber sentences Ildephonse Nizeyimana to life imprisonment," the ICTR said in a statement on its website.

Prosecutors said Nizeyimana, who was convicted of genocide, murder and extermination, ordered troops to kill several people in his position as captain of a military training school.

The tribunal acquitted the former Rwandan military officer of rape charges.

Ethnic Hutu militia and soldiers butchered 800,000 minority Tutsis and politically moderate Hutus in the tiny east African country in just 100 days between April and June 1994.

To date, the ICTR has delivered judgements in 72 cases, of which 17 have appeals pending and 10 were acquittals.

© Thomson Reuters 2012 All rights reserved



Photographs of some victims of the Rwandan genocide are hung on a gallery wall during a visit by U.S. President George W. Bush and first lady Laura Bush to the Kigali Memorial Centre in Kigali, Rwanda, February 19, 2008 (REUTERS/Jason Reed)
Updates

16 November 2012 "Rwanda: Huye Murder Trial Kicks Off" By Jean Pierre Bucyensenge

8 November 2012 "Rwanda: ICTR/Completion Strategy - Rwanda Tribunal 'Expects to Meet Closure Target'" By AllAfrica

30 October 2012 "Rwanda Opposition Leader Sentenced to 8 Years in Prison on Charges of Treason, Genocide Denial" By The Washington Post, Associated Press

22 October 2012 "Rwanda: First Dutch Citizen to Face Genocide Charges" By AllAfrica

18 October 2012 "Rwanda Warns Against Cutting Aid Over Congo Rebels" By Michelle Nichols and Louis Charbonneau, Reuters

18 October 2012 "Rwanda Elected to UN Security Council Amid Investigation of its Role in the Congo Rebellion" By The Washington Post, The Associated Press

11 October 2012 "US Appeals Court Affirms Oklahoma Rwanda Ruling" By Tim Talley, Associated Press

11 October 2012 "Rwanda: Criminal Tribunal Ruling On Gatete a Disgrace" By AllAfrica

10 October 2012 "Rwanda: International Court Reduces Suspect's Sentence to 40 Years" By Edwin Musoni, AllAfrica

3 October 2012 "Rwanda Donors were too Quick to Suspend Aid, says Fragile States Expert" By Mark Tran, The Guardian

4 October 2012 "Rwanda's Kagame Defiant over Accusations of Backing Congo Rebels" By Jenny Clover, Reuters

8 October 2012 "Rwanda: Govt Must Investigate Unlawful Detention and Torture by Military Intelligence" By AllAfrica, Amnesty International

2 October 2012 "Rwanda: World Leaders' Talk at UN Assembly did More Hurt than Good" By AllAfrica

28 September 2012 "At UN, Rwanda Defiantly Rejects Claims of Congo Rebel Support" By Michelle Nichols, Reuters

26 September 2012 "Philip Gourevitch: Memory is a Disease" By Cecile Alduy, Boston Review

28 September 2012 "Rwanda Denies Supporting M23 in DRC, Cites 'Historical Reality'" By Scott Stearns, Voice of America

27 September 2012 "Rwanda: Govt Committed to an Effective UN - Kagame" By AllAfrica

26 September 2012 "Exclusive: Clinton Presses Rwanda, DRC Leaders on Border Crisis" By Andrew Quinn, Reuters

26 September 2012 "Rwanda: Sweden to Try Genocide Suspect" By Edwin Musoni, AllAfrica

23 September 2012 "Rwanda Recongnised for Universal Health Care" By Evaline Namuwaya

20 September 2012 "Rwanda is Not an Authoritarian Regime" By Michael Fairbanks, The New York Times

 19 September 2012 "Rwanda Genocide Fugitive May Be Hiding in Zimbabwe" By ABC News


 19 September 2012 "Rwanda court grants 2-month delay to Canada deportee" By AFP

 17 September 2012 "Rwanda: Mugesera Substantive Trial Begins Today" By Edwin Musoni, All Africa

04 August 2012 "A painful dilemma" By The Economist

01 August 2012, " Rwanda: Mushikiwabo Explains Controversies in UN Report ", By All Africa

31 July 2012 "Rwanda prepares to rebury Genocide victims" By Voice of America

27 July 2012 "UK blocks 16m in aid to Rwanda" By Guardian

26 July 2012 "Heroes of Genocide: Australian exhibit celebrates ordinary people who stood up to evil" By Huffington Post

26 July 2012 "US says Rwandas Kagame may be charged with aiding war crimes" By Mail a& Guardian

25 July 2012 "Rwanda's Paul Kagame warned he may be charged with aiding war crimes" By Chris McGreal The Guardian

21 July 2012 "Rwanda cut off from US military aid over conflict in DRC" By The Guardian

21 July 2012, " Paul Kagame: 'Rwanda has its own problems' ", By Al Jazeera

21 July 2012 "US cuts military aid to Rwanda over alleged support for Congo rebels" By Associated Press

18 July 2012 "Scholars discuss impact of Genocide denial" By The New Times

18 July 2012 "Scholars discuss impact of Genocide denial" By Ivan R. Mugisha, The New Times

13 July 2012 "ICC issues warrant for Rwandan Hutu rebel leader" By Voice of Ameirca

15 July 2012, " Rwanda and DRC agree to AU military force ", By Aljazeera

27 June 2012 "High-level Rwandan military officers tied to Congo mutiny" By Colum Lynch, Foreign Policy

19 June 2012 "The courts have closed but Gacaca lives on" By The New Times Rwanda

18 June 2012 "Rwanda genocide court shuts down" By GhanaMMA

05 June 2012 "Human Rights watch calls for Rwanda to arrest Congolese war crimes suspect" By Kim Lewis-Voice of America

04 June 2012 "Rwanda military aiding DRC mutiny report says" By BBC News

04 June 2012 " Rwanda arming rebels in Eastern DRC" By Gabe Joselow-VOA

31 May 2012 " Rwanda accuses UN of fomenting regional tensions" by John Hogg & Mark John -MSNBC

30 May 2012 " ICC Upholds decision to drop war crimes charges against Rwandan" by Voice of America

22 May 2012 "School kids sit for their exams, then flee gunfire for Rwanda refugee camp" by Nima Elbagir- CNN

1 May 2012 "Une plainte d'officiers français se heurte au silence de Kigali," by Le Monde

27 April 2012 "Rwanda Court Rejects Opposition Leader's Appeal," by The Associated press

25 April 2012 "Génocide rwandais: prison à vie requise contre l'opposante Victoire Ingabire," by Agence France-Presse

9 April 2012 "President Kagame Accuses West of Hypocrisy," by Henry Mukasa, New Vision

30 March 2012 "la justice française autorise pour la première fois une extradition", by Le Monde and AFP

14 March 2012 "Genocide Ideology Laws Face Judicial Review," by Radio Netherlands Worldwide

29 February 2012 "Près de 40 000 détenus pour génocide dans les prisons rwandaises," by AFP

28 February 2012 "The Closing of the Gacaca Courts and the Implications for Access to Justice," by Naomi Kok, Institute for Security Studies

February 2012 "Country Profile on Rwanda," by Genocide Watch

9 February 2012 "New Genocide Cases a Milestone for Domestic Prosecutions of International Crimes" by Ottilia Anna Maunganidze, Institute for Security Studies

27 January 2012 "ICTR year review, main events at the ICTR in 2011", by Hirondelle News Agency

25 January 2012 "Mugesera case paves way for more Rwanda deportations, prosecutor says", by Philippa Croome and Bosco Hitimana, the Toronto Star

11 January 2012 "Rwanda genocide report exonerates Paul Kagame", by Reuters, The Guardian

30 December 2011 "Rwanda Now: Country's bright future tainted by tragic past" by Andrew Meldrum, The Global Post

1 November 2011 "Take Action for Rwandan Opposition Politician Victoire Ingabire," by Susan Thomson, Salem News

1 November 2011 "Rwanda to extradite warlord Nkunda to Congo?," by Thijs Bouwknegt, Radio Nederland Worldwide

24 October 2011 "Rwanda: Pockets of Genocide Ideas Still Alive, Says CNLG Officer," by Alex Rutareka, AllAfrica Global Media

19 October 2011 "Rwanda 17 years later: what is the truth?" by Gerald Caplan, Pambazuka News

4 October 2011 "Rwandan President Kagame 'sparked 1994 genocide,'" by BBC News

30 September 2011 "Rwanda: Tribunal sends two former ministers to prison," by
Thijs Bouwknegt, Radio Netherlands Worldwide

22 September 2011 "Rwanda: Lawyer seek acquittal of ex-mayor on genocide charges," by Hirondelle News Agency

15 September 2011 "Confirmation of charges hearing begins tomorrow in Mbarushimana case," by The Hague Justice Portal

20 August 2011 "Survivor of Rwanda genocide to speak in Truckee," by Lake Tahoe News

17 August 2011 "Author to share experiences in Rwanda," by The Austin Daily Herald

26 May 2011 "Rwanda: Bernard Munyagishari arrested for genocide," by BBC News

5 February 2011 "Rwandan journalists' imprisonment condemned," by Amnesty International

1 February 2011 "A response to "One Man's Rwanda," with replies from its author and CJR's editors," The Editors, Columbia Journalism Review

1 February 2011 "One man's Rwanda: Philip Gourevitch softens some hard truths," by Tristan McConnell, Columbia Journalism Review

18 January 2011 "Germany opens first Rwanda Genocide trial," by Selah Hennessy, Voice of America

17 January 2011 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol. 5, Issue 21," by Public International Law & Policy Group

31 December 2010 "End human rights imperialism now," by Stephen Kinzer, The Guardian

3 November 2010 "France: Extradition order for Rwandan," by Marlise Simons, The New York Times

27 October 2010 "Rwanda: Hotel manager under scrutiny," by The Associated Press

14 October 2010 "Rwanda: Opposition leader is arrested," by Bloomberg News

1 October 2010 "U.N. Report on Congo Massacres Draws Anger," by Jeffrey Gettleman and Josh Kron, the New York Times

23 September 2010 "African Regional Committee on Genocide established," by Prof. William Schabas, President, International Association of Genocide Scholars

13 September 2010 "French team arrives in Rwanda to probe 1994 crash," by Edmund Kagire, Associated Press

8 September 2010 "Ban urges Rwanda not to withdraw UN peacekeepers," by BBC News

31 August 2010 "Rwanda Threatens to pull Peacekeepers from Darfur," by Jeffrey Gettleman and Josh Kron, The New York Times

28 August 2010 "Rwanda Contests Report on Army," by the Associated Press

27 August 2010 "UN Report accuses Rwanda of massacres in Congo," by Josh Kron, CNN

11 August 2010 "Grenade strikes Rwanda's capital two days after election," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

10 August 2010 "Kagame heading for a landslide win in Rwanda," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

21 July 2010 "Rwandan president promises elections will be free and fair," by Jody Clarke, The Irish Times

19 July 2010 "AP Interview: Rwandan minister denies any government role in three high-profile murders," by Edith M. Lederer, The Associated Press

19 July 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol 5, Issue 8," by Public International Law & Policy Group

16 July 2010 "The press failed to hold politicians to account over Rwanda," by Linda Melvern, The Guardian

14 July 2010 "Rwanda opposition figure found dead," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

13 July 2010 "Rwandan top official 'missing'," by Hereward Holland

9 July 2010 "Rwanda: Editor is arrested and accused of defamation," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

5 July 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol 5, Issue 7," by Public International Law & Policy Group

2 July 2010 "Rwanda war crimes court announces death of genocide suspect from illness," by BBC News

1 July 2010 "UN court jails Rwandan for 25 years for genocide," by Reuters

1 July 2010 "Oldest suspect receives 25 years for Rwanda genocide," by Agence France-Presse

30 June 2010 "Oldest genocide-accused at ICTR sentenced to 25 years imprisonment," by Hirondelle News Agency

30 June 2010 "Peter Erlinder arrest a blow to international law," by Amanda Pinto, The Guardian

26 June 2010 "Rwandan opposition faces crackdown ahead of vote," by Edmund Kagire and Jason Straziuso, The Associated Press

25 June 2010 "Uganda reburies Lake Victoria's Rwanda genocide victims," by BBC News

24 June 2010 "Feds say US woman involved in Rwandan genocide lied to get citizenship," by Lynn Tuohy, The Associated Press

24 June 2010 "Woman charged with unlawfully obtaining citizenship by misrepresenting her activities during the 1994 Rwandan genocide," by US Attorney's Office, District of Massachusetts, United States Department of Justice

21 June 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol. 5, Issue 6," by Public International Law & Policy Group

19 June 2010 "Former Rwandan Army Chief, Presidential Critic Shot in South Africa," by VOA News

18 June 2010 "US welcomes release of lawyer Peter Erlinder in Rwanda," by BBC News

17 June 2010 "The politics of denialism: The strange case of Rwanda: Review of 'The Politics of Genocide'," by Gerald Caplan

17 June 2010 "Court grants bail and frees American lawyer in Rwanda," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

16 June 2010, "Panel Seeks Release of U.S. Lawyer in Rwanda," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

14 June 2010 "Op-Ed: Interpreting genocide," Letters to the Editor, The Globe and Mail

13 June 2010 "Rwanda: Denial is the least of our worries," by Geoff Hill, Washington Times

12 June 2010 "Erlinder essay on Rwanda has defense nervous," by Minneapolis Star Tribune

11 June 2010 "Finland sentences Rwanda preacher to life for genocide," by BBC News

11 June 2010 "Finnish court sentences Rwandan pastor to life," by Terhi Kinnunen, Reuters

11 June 2010 "The law society of Upper Canada and genocide denial in Rwanda," by Gerald Caplan, The Globe and Mail

9 June 2010 "Rwanda: Badora released by Belgium, Arrested in Norway," by James Karuhanga, The New Times

8 June 2010 "Rwanda genocide tribunal lawyers fear for their safety after colleagues arrest," by Afua Hirsch, The Guardian

7 June 2010 "American lawyer denied bail in Rwanda," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

7 June 2010 "Court decision for Carl Peter Erlinder," by High Court of Gasabo

5 June 2010 "Rwanda charges American over articles," by The Associated Press

2 June 2010 "Rwanda says jailed American tried to kill himself," by Jeffrey Gettleman and Josh Kron, The New York Times

27 May 2010 "French arrest Rwandan doctor accused over genocide," by BBC News

24 May 2010 "Learning from evil: Reporting in Rwanda," by BBC News

23 May 2010 "Semaine du 17 au 23 mai 2010," by Professor JC Willame

16 May 2010 "Grenade attacks shake capital of Rwanda," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

16 May 2010 "For Rwandan students, ethnic tensions lurk," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

16 May 2010 "Semaine du 10 au 16 mai 2010," by Professor JC Willame

9 May 2010 "Semaine du 3 au 9 mai 2010," by Professor JC Willame

2 May 2010 "Semaine du 26 avril au 2 mai 2010," by Professor JC Willame

May 2010 "Publication Mensuelle de Reseau Europeen pour l'Afrique Central (EURAC), N.65," by EURAC

May 2010 "Monthly Publication of the European Network for Central Africa (EURAC), No. 65," by EURAC

29 April 2010 "War Crimes Prosecutions Watch, Vol. 4, Issue 26," by Public International Law & Policy Group

25 April 2010 "Semain du 19 au 25 avril 2010," by Professor JC Willame

21 April 2010 "Presidential candidate is arrested in Rwanda," by Jeffrey Gettleman and Josh Kron, The New York Times

12 April 2010 "War Crimes Prosecutions Watch Vol 5, Issue 1," by Public International Law & Policy Group

11 April 2010 "Semaine du 5 au 11 avril 2010" by Professor JC Willame

1 March 2010 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol 4, Issue 24," by Public International Law and Policy Group

March 2010 "Cracks in the mirror as Rwanda prepares for elections," by Kris Berwouts, Director, EurAc

24 December 2009 "Rwanda Hears Last of 1.5 Million Genocide Cases," by Sarah Childress, The Wall Street Journal

2 December 2009 "Banker Sentenced to 30 Years for War Crimes," by Reuters

1 December 2009 "Rwanda Banker Sentenced to 30 Years for War Crimes," By Reuters, New York Times

18 November 2009 "From Justice to Prevention," by Louise Arbour, GlobalPost

16 November 2009 "Rwanda genocide conviction quashed leaving Monsieur Z free," by David Smith, The Guardian

16 November 2009 "Rwanda:  U.N. Court Reverses 2008 Genocide Conviction," by The Associated Press

7 October 2009 "Major suspect in '94 Rwanda Genocide is caught" by Will Connors, The Wall Street Journal

3 October 2009 "Managing outrage over genocide: case study Rwanda" by Brian Martin, Global Change, Peace, & Security, Vol 21, No. 3

2 September 2009 "Rwanda Working with Finland on Genocide Trial," by Alan Boswell, VOA News

2 September 2009 "Pastor on Trial in Finland in '94 Killings," by The New York Times

September 2009 "The Rwandan Genocide: Why Early Warning Failed," by Dr. Gregory Stanton, President, Genocide Watch

31 August 2009 "Trial of suspect in Rwandan church massacre begins," by Sikhdev Chhatbar, The Associated Press

17 August 2009 "Rwanda: Tribunal's Work Incomplete," by Human Rights Watch

13 August 2009 "Suspect in Rwandan Genocide is captured after 15 years in hiding," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

12 August 2009 "Genocide suspect found in Congo," by BBC News

11 August 2009 "Letter to the Editor: A witness to genocide sees another African horror," by Paul Rusesabagina, letter to The New York Times

7 August 2009 "Congo: Talks With Rwanda in Sign of Closer Ties," by Josh Kron, The New York Times

6 August 2009 "'New era' for DR Congo and Rwanda," by BBC News

16 July 2009 "Sweden suspends extradition of Rwandan genocide suspect" by Agency France-Presse

15 July 2009 "Ex-Kigali governor gets jail for life for 1994 genocide" by Hirondelle News Agency

15 July 2009 "Rwanda: Ex-Governor convicted for role in Rwandan Genocide" by Josh Kron, The New York Times

25 June 2009 "Fresh Nightmares in Congo's Drive Against Rwandans," by Stephanie McCrummen, The Washington Post

25 June 2009 "Rwanda: Kagame wants genocide trials moved to Kigali" by David Kezio-Musoke


22 June 2009 "The challenges of prosecuting and defending war criminals" by The Irish Times

22 June 2009 "
Rwandan guilty of genocide jailed for 30 years" by CNN

9 June 2009 "Try arrested Genocide fugitive, France told" by New Times

8 June 2009 "Kenya, DRC top havens for Genocide fugitives" by RNA

8 June 2009 "Members hear briefings by top judicial officials" by United Nations

2 June 2009 "Finland finally to try first Genocide case" by RNA

26 May 2009 "Canada finds Munyaneza guilty of Genocide" by RNA

25 May 2009 "Ibuka Calls for Severe Punishment for Genocide Ideology" by Lillian Nakayima, The New Times

23 May 2009 "Canadian Judge Convicts Rwandan in Genocide" by Ian Austen, The New York Times

22 May 2009 "Rwanda: Day of Reckoning" by Daniel R. Kasule, The New Times

18 May 2009 "Ex-Army Officer Acquitted On Appeal" by The Hirondellle News Agency

26 April 2009 "Rwanda Suspends BBC Radio Service" by The New York TImes

24 April 2009 "Kansas: Accusations of Genocide" by The Associated Press

18 April 2009 "Rwanda: Another Genocide Survivor Killed in Rusizi" by Stevenson Mugisha, The New Times

16 April 2009 "Why 'Never Again' Will Triumph" by Frank Kagabo, The New York Times

15 April 2009 " Ibuka Echorts West to Bring Justice to Genocide Fugitives" by the Hirondelle News Agency

7 April 2009 "Rwanda to commemorate 1994 genocide" by United Press International

7 Apri 2009 "Rwanda Genocide Triggered Greater Awareness and Response to Other Humanitarian Crises" by Joe De Capua, VOA

6 April 2009 "Rwanda's Rape Victims" by Letter to the Editor, The New York Times

5 April 2009 "A Wound in the Heart of Africa" by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times

27 March 2009 "A relentless quest for justice, on an international scale" by Adam LeBor, The International Herald Tribune

14 March 2009 "Rwanda: Former MP Receives 19 Years for Genocide" by Stevenson Mugisha, The New Times

2 March 2009 "Rwandan MP convicted of genocide" by BBC

28 February 2009 "Rwanda: Priest Guilty in Genocide" by Marlise Simons, The New York Times

18 February 2009 "Bearing witness to Rwanda's horrors, no matter who the victims were" by Alison Des Forges, The Washington Post


13 February 2009 "Rwanda's Move Into Congo Fuels Suspicion" by Stephanie McCrummen, The Washington Post

12 February 2009 "Belgium drops case on Rwanda two" by BBC News

21 January 2009 "Rwanda: Ex-Official Given Life Term" by REUTERS, The New York Times

24 December 2008 "Alison Des Forges is Prohibited From Entering Rwanda" by Hirondelle News Agency

19 December 2008 "Rwandan Officer Found Guilty of 1994 Genocide" by Lydia Polgreen, The New York Times

13 December 2008 "Militias in Congo Tied to Government and Rwanda" by Lydia Polgreen, The New York Times

4 December 2008 "Rwanda Stirs Deadly Brew of Troubles in Congo" by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times
 

1 December 2008 "Rwandan Hutu rebels call for end to Kagame 'dictatorship'" by Lucie Peytermann, Agence France-Presse

28 November 2008 "As genocide raged, general's pleas for help ignored" by CNN


10 November 2008 "Wanted Rwandan official arrested in Germany" by International Justice


29 October 2008 "The Congo wars: a residue of Rwanda's genocide" by Thijs Bouwknegt, International Justice

27 October 2008 "Women Run the Show In a Recovering Rwanda" by Stephanie McCrummen, The Washington Post

25 October 2008 "2 Sentenced for Killing Priests" by Agence France-Presse


10 October 2008 "Rwandan in Dutch war crimes trial" by Thijs Bouwknegt, International Justice


9 October 2008 "New genocide museum for Rwanda" by International Justice


2 October 2008 "Rwanda's genocide tribunal's witness 'hiding'" by Radio Netherlands Worldwide


25 September 2008 "Rwanda's genocide history in court" by Thijs Bouwknegt, Radio Netherlands Worldwide



27 August 2008 "Genocide trial of former Rwandan army officer begins" by Lula Ahrens, Radio Netherlands Worldwide

18 August 2008 "Survivor of Rwandan genocide beaten to death" by Agence-France Presse    

7 August 2008 "French Role in Genocide Denied" by The New York Times

6 August 2008 "French Accused in Genocide" by The Associated Press

29 July 2008 "Rwanda genocide court says mandate extended to '09" by George Obulutsa, Reuters

25 July 2008 "Progress in Judicial Reforms Falls Short" by Human Rights Watch

23 July 2008 "Rwanda Also Awaits Justice" by Marc Lacey, The New York Times

4 July 2008 "Face to face with Rwandan genocide horrors" by Jody Kurash, The Cape Times

3 July 2008 "Rwanda threatens Paris over genocide" by William Wallis, The Financial Times

5 June 2008 "UN says Rwandan rebel attack on DR Congo refugees a 'war crime'" by Agence France-Presse

26 May 2008 "Small Rwandan Hutu rebel faction in Congo to disarm" by Joe Bavier, Reuters

21 May 2008 "Former Official Transferred Back to UN War Crimes Tribunal" by UN News Service

16 May 2008 "'We have to kill Tutsis wherever they are'" by Chris McGreal, The Guardian

16 May 2008 "Women Rise in Rwanda's Economic Revival" by Anthony Faiola, The Washington Post

2 May 2008 "Genocide cases not for the faint-hearted" by Kathryn Leger, Montreal Gazette

7 April 2008 "Scheffer Says U.S. Policymakers Failed to Address Genocide in Rwanda Effectively" by M. Wood, Virginia Law

20 March 2008 "Une conference sur le Rwanda souleve l'ire des rescapes du genocide" by Isabelle Hachey, La Presse

13 March 2008 "War Crimes Court Upholds Ruling on Rwandan" by Agence France-Presse

16 January 2008 "France Stops Genocide Transfer" by BBC News

9 January 2008 "Ex-Minister's Transfer From Germany Encounters Legal Hitches" by Hirondelle News Agency

9 January 2008 "French Police Arrest Rwandan Genocide Suspect" by Agence France-Presse

5 October 2007 "
Munyaneza Trial- the Rwandan Genocide Called into Question,"
Hirondelle News Agency.


17 March 2007 "International Genocide Tribunal Allows Rwanda to Keep Archives" BBC News

10 March 2007 "Controversial Views of Candidate Dog Boisclair" By Tu Thanh Ha and Rheal Seguin, The Globe and Mail (Toronto)

10 March 2007 "Rwanda's Genocide: First the Deed, Then the Denial" by Gerald Caplan, The Globe & Mail(Toronto)

21 February 2007 "Rwandan Ex-UN Employee Accused of Genocide Refuses to Face Justice at Home" Agence France-Presse

19 February 2007 "UN Tribunal for Rwanda to Sentence Self-Confessed Serial Rapist" BBC News

18 February 2007 "Genocide? 'I Deny the Lot'" by Alex Duval Smith, The Observer

16 February 2007 "President's Widow Accused of Genocide Fights for Asylum" by Alex Duval Smith, The Independent

10 February 2007 "Uncovering Rwanda's Secrets" By Nick McKenzie in The Age (Melbourne)

10 Feb 2007 "UN 'Shut Down' Rwanda Probe" The Age (Melbourne)

7 February 2007 "Prosecution Closes Its Case in Renzaho Trial" The UN Observer

6 February 2007 "Senate Endorses ICTR Transfers' Bill" By Felly Kimenyi & Steven Baguma, The New Times (Kigali)

28 January 2007 "Rwanda: Genocide Book Launched Amid Media Criticism" The BBC News

22 January 2007 "Rwanda: Killings Threaten Justice for Genocide" Human Rights Watch

22 January 2007 "Rwanda Genocide Witnesses Killed"

16 January 2007 "Rwanda: UN Genocide Tribunal Upholds Life Sentence for Ex-Finance Minister" UN News Centre

15 January 2007 "Canadian Court Hears Genocide Testimony in Rwanda" Reuters

31 December 2006 "Rwanda Genocide Accused Remanded"

29 December 2006 "UK Arrests Four Wanted by Rwanda" CNN News

14 December 2006 "Rwandan Priest Sentenced to 15 Years for Allowing Deaths of Tutsi in Church" by Marc Lacey, The New

13 December 2006 "Rwandan Priest Guilty of Genocide" BBC News

6 December 2006 "First Person to Finish Rwanda Genocide Sentence Freed" Reuters

6 December 2006 "Notorious Pastor Convicted By UN Tribunal Completes Jail Term" US News Center

4 December 2006 "UN Tribunal Accepts French Probe as Evidence in Genocide Trial" Agence France-Presse

4 December 2006 "RWANDAN POLITICS: Designed to avoid extremism" By Andrew England, The Financial Times

3 December 2006 "Spate of Killings Obstructs Rwanda's Quest for Justice" by Karen McVeigh, The Observer

27 November 2006 "Expert refutes Bruguiere claims that RPF shot down Rwandan President's aircraft in 1994" by Linda Melvern, The New Times (Kigali)

25 November 2006 "Rwanda Cuts Ties With France Over Effort to Prosecute Leader" by Arthur Asiimwe, The Washington Post

25 November 2006 "Rwanda Breaks Off Diplomatic Ties With France" by Reuters, The New York Times

24 November 2006 "Rwandans Protest Probe of Leader," Reuters

24 November 2006 "UN Genocide Prosecutors Seek Life for Accused Rwandan Ex-Mayor" Agence France-Presse

22 November 2006 "UN Court "Does Not Get Involved" In Political Issues Between Rwanda and France" The BBC News

11 November 2006 "Catholic Nun Gets 30 Years for Aiding Hutu Militiamen" By Anthony Mitchell, The Associated Press

5 November 2006 "French Accused of Complicity in Genocide that Killed a Million in" By Linda Melvern, The Independent

31 October 2006 "Landlocked Country May Soon Become Top ICT Hub in Africa" by Odhiambo Orlale, NationMedia.com

24 October 2006 "France Probed on Rwanda Genocide" The BBC News

20 October 2006 "Witness: Famed Rwandan Musician Accused in Genocide was Militia Member," Agence France-Presse

16 October 2006 "The Netherlands Willing to Try Suspects of Rwanda Genocide"

20 September 2006 "Former Rwandan Education Minister Acquitted of Genocide Charges by UN Court" The UN News Service

14 September 2006 "Rwanda Accuses U.N. Court of Hiring War Criminals" by Arthur Asiimwe, Reuters

13 September 2006 "Rwanda: One Conviction, One Acquittal in Genocide" by The Associated Press, The New York Times

9 September 2006 "UN Court Set for Landmark Genocide Trial of Famed Rwandan Singer" Agence France-Presse

8 September 2006 "Denmark Suspect in Rwanda Genocide" Reuters

6 September 2006 "Rwanda Slams UN Genocide Court for Release of Wanted Lawyer" Agence France-Presse

4 September 2006 "Rwanda to Scrap Death Penalty in Hunt for Genocide Suspects" by Aimable Twahirwa, The Inter Press Service

19 August 2006 "Rwanda Proposes Removing Capital Punishment for Genocide" by Gabriel Gabrio, Associated Press

9 August 2006 "Rwanda Genocide Movie Criticizes UN Role" Reuters

7 July 2006 "UN court rejects Rwanda ex-mayor genocide appeal" by George Obulutsa, Reuters

28 June 2006 "Rwandan Government: 12 Investigators Were Involved In Genocide" The Associated Press

20 June 2006 "Zambia: Rwandans to Lose Refugee Status" The New York Times

12 April 2006 "Rwanda: The Role of the West in the Rwandan Genocide" by Emma Miller, The New Times (Kigali)

11 April 2006 "
Germany may probe Rwanda suspect" by BBC News

10 April 2006 "Rwanda: Documents Shed New Light on Genocide Planning" Human Rights Watch

8 April 2006 "
Conspiracy to Murder: the Rwandan Genocide" by Linda Melvern in the Daily Telegraph

5 April 2006 "Africa Renewal" UN Press Release

26 March 2006 "At Rwanda Memorial Panel, Annan Admits UN Blame" by Grant McCool, Reuters

19 March 2006 "History? This film is fiction" by Linda Melvern, The Observer

19 March 2006 "
Anger at BBC genocide film" by Alice O'Keeffe in the Observer

16 February 2006 "Norway takes Rwanda genocide case" BBC News

2006 "Reply from Linda Melvern to Fergal Keane" by Linda Melvern , The Observer

2006 "Reply to Linda Melvern" by Fergal Keane, The Observer

24 December 2005 "A Belgian Mystery: Rwandan Who Aided Tribunal on Genocide Is Found Dead in a Canal" by Marlise Simons, The New York Times

23 December 2005 "REPUBLIC OF RWANDA" by Office of Special Representative of Rwanda Government to the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

23 December 2005 "Rwandan Who Cooperated With Tribunal Is Found Dead" by Marlise Simons, The New York Times

29 Nov 2005 "UN Court Hands Over More Genocide Cases to Rwanda" Hirondelle News Agency (Lausanne)

24 October 2005 "Rwandan colonel denies genocide" BBC News Africa

24 October 2005 "Colonel denies masterminding Rwandan genocide" Agence France-Presse

24 October 2005 "Genocide suspect in the dock," Agence France-Presse


16 October 2005 "The Rwandan Reconciliation" by Sarel Kandell Kromer, The Washington Post

26 September 2005 "Rwanda accuses states of harbouring suspects" Agence France-Presse

21 September 2005 "Tribunal Begins for Heads of Rwandan Genocide" by Sukhde Chhatbar in The cambodia Daily

20 September 2005 "Rwandan Official Wary of UN Commitment To Stop Genocide" by The Associated Press, The Cambodia Daily

19 September 2005 "Genocide: Rwanda wants action" by News24 (South Africa)

19 September 2005 "Leaders During Rwandan Genocide Face Trial U.N. tribunal investigating ex-Cabinet ministers' roles in 1994 mass killings" by The Associated Press

13 September 2005 "Rwanda Talks With Belgium on Genocide Arrest" by Reuters, The New York Times

18 May 2005 "Ten Years Later, Back at the Killing Fields to Heal the Spirit" by Stephen Holden, The New York Times

7 March 2005 "Even Bush, No Movie Buff, Enjoys Getting Big Picture," by Elisabeth Bumiller, The New York Times

30 July 2004, "
Ex-Banker Accused in '94 Rwanda Massacres" by The Associated Press

16 July 2004 "Rwandan Official Convicted in Genocide" by SUKHDEV CHHATBAR, Associated Press

10 July 2004 "Rwanda's Grass Court" by Dr. Gregory H. Stanton, Genocide Watch

4 July 2004
"Secretary-General Observes International Day of Reflection on 1994 Rwanda Genocide," United Nations Press
Document

7 April 2004
"Annan Decries Rwandan Genocide on 10th Anniversary," by Jonathan Fowler, the Associated Press.

28 March 2004 "Rwandans Are Struggling To Love Children of Hate" by Emily Wax, The Washington Post

27 March 2004 "Rwanda to Release 30,000 Genocide Participants" by Rodrique Ngowi, Associated Press

27 March 2004 "Rwanda Killings Suspect Detained in Belgium" by Reuters

27 March 2004 "World Briefing: United Nations" by Warren Hoge, The New York Times

27 March 2004 "The Rwanda Forum, Imperial War Museum" by Dr. Greg Stanton

27 March 2004 "Heart of Darkness That Was Rwanda" by Lynne Duke, The Washington Post

24 March 2004 "
Findings Reopen Rwanda's Wounds" by Emily Wax in the Washington Post

26 February 2004
"10 Years Later in Rwanda, the Dead are Ever Present," by Marc Lacey, The New York Times.

29 January 2004 "World Briefing | Africa: Rwanda: Tribunal's Defense Lawyers Strike" The New York Times

22 January 2004 "Former Rwandan Education Minister Guilty of Genocide" by the Associated Press

2 August 2003 "RWANDA: 105 CONVICTED IN ETHNIC KILLINGS," by Marc Lacey, The New York Times

31 July 2003
"11 Nations Join U.S.-Backed Force," The Associated Press.

29 July 2003 "Annan Is Said to Want New Prosecutor for Rwanda War Crimes" by Felicity Barringer, The New York Times

28 July 2003 "Rwanda Is Said to Seek New Prosecutor for War Crimes Court" by Marlise Simons, The New York Times

20 July 2003 "Rwandan Elections"

27 June 2003 "World Briefing: Africa" by Marc Lacey, The New York Times

24 April 2003 "Filming Rwandans' Efforts To Heal" by Nancy Ramsey, The New York Times

6 January 2003 "RWANDAN PRISONER RELEASES A RISK FOR THE GACACA SYSTEM" by Africa Rights

21 September 2002 "
At the Heart of Rwanda's Horror" by Emily Wax in the Washington Post

15 September 2002 "
A Woman's Work" by Peter Landesman in the New York Times

13 September 2002 "
Jean-Baptiste Gatete: A Primary Target Arrested" by African Rights

7 September 2002 "
Tribunal Says Rwanda Is Stalling Inquiry Into 1994 Killings" by Marc Lacey, The New York Times

15 June 2002 "
The Haunting: He Couldn't Stop the Slaughter in Rwanda. Now He Can't Stop the Memory" by Ken Ringle in the Washington Post

2002 "COULD THE RWANDAN GENOCIDE HAVE BEEN PREVENTED?" by Dr. Gregory H. Stanton

13 October 2000 "The Lesson of Rwanda" by the Washington Post



For more information please visit:

International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

The International Response to Conflict and Genocide: Lessons from the Rwanda Experience

Genocide in Rwanda - Human Rights Watch



Genocide Watch is the Coordinator of the International Alliance to End Genocide
P.O. Box 809, Washington, D.C. 20044 USA. Phone: 1-202-643-1405
E-mail:communications@genocidewatch.org