Côte d’Ivoire / Ivory Coast
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Cote d'Ivoire: Dispatches - a Look At Human Rights in the News Today All Dispatches »
By Matt Wells
31 July 2013PRESS RELEASEMore than two years have passed since Côte d'Ivoire's post-election crisis left 3,000 dead. Forces backing both former President Laurent Gbagbo and current President Alassane Ouattara were implicated in war crimes and possibly crimes against humanity during this period.Yesterday, the UN Security Council pressed Côte d'Ivoire to swiftly hold accountable those on both sides of the fighting, which split the country down political and ethnic lines. Until now, the international community, after backing Ouattara's electoral victory, has been slow to criticize the government's failure to ensure its own forces are brought to justice for any crimes. (read more)
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Côte d'Ivoire: Well holes suspected to be mass graves must be excavated
By Amnesty International
29 July 2013
The government of Cote d’Ivoire has failed to properly investigate evidence of human rights abuses linked to the killings at Nahibly displacement camp in the west of the country just over a year ago, says Amnesty International.In a report published today the organisation gives details of bodies thrown in several wells that have not been excavated by the authorities despite repeated calls for an investigation. Amnesty International is calling on Cote d’Ivoire to establish an international commission of inquiry into this atrocity.“One year on, and despite repeated promises to ensure justice, the Ivorian government has made no substantial progress in investigating the crimes committed during this attack,” said Salvatore Saguès, Amnesty International’s Researcher on West Africa. (read more)
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Cote d'Ivoire: ICC Urged to Investigate Ivory Coast's Forces Nouvelles Leaders
By Peter Clottey
24 July 2013The former chief of investigations for the United Nations Special Court for Sierra Leone has called on the International Criminal Court (ICC) to investigate and prosecute leaders of the Forces Nouvelles over alleged atrocities the group committed during Ivory Coast's civil war.Alan White says there is need for the ICC to administer equal justice in Ivory Coast."All we are looking for is to ensure there is a balanced investigation and a balanced prosecution. Quite frankly that is one of the areas right now that the country of Ivory Coast is struggling from is the fact that there is not a sense of justice," White said. (read more)
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Cote d'Ivoire gov't shuts Angovia gold mine after inter-ethnic clashes
By Xinhua
18 July 2013ABIDJAN, July 18 (Xinhua) -- Cote d'Ivoire government has ordered closure of Angovia gold mine where inter-ethnic clashes between the villagers and gold washers left at least three people dead, 10 others injured and many more were left homeless.
Speaking on Wednesday in Angovia, 200 km from Abidjan, the Defence Minister Paul Koffi Koffi said the "government had decided to close down the Angovia gold mine."
"Gold mining should stop in all the 33 villages neighbouring Angovia," the defence minister insisted. (read more)
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Charges related to post-electoral violence confirmed against Simone Gbagbo and 80 others
Embassy of the United States- Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
11 July 2013PRESS RELEASECharges against Simone Gbagbo, the former Ivoirian first lady, were confirmed yesterday by a court in Abidjan for her role in violence that followed the 2010 presidential election. Fraternite Matin (p. 8) said the decision paves the way for the trial of Simone Gbagbo and 80 other supporters of the ex-leader, including his son Michel Gbagbo and FPI officials Pascal Affi N’guessan and Ake Ngbo. They are accused among other counts of breaching state security, rebellion and defiance of state authority the paper added. (read more)
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Liberia: 5,200 Ivorian Refugees Return Home
BY BEN P. WESEE
19 MARCH 2013
More than 5, 200 Ivorian Refugees have been repatriated to the Ivory Coast from the Dougee Refugees Camp in Grand Gedeh County. The exercise was carried out jointly by the Liberia Refugees, Repatriation and Resettlement Commission (LRRRC) and the United Nations Higher Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to close the camp.
The Dougee camp hosted nearly 6,000 refugees, majority of whom had repatriated to Cote d'lvoire. The last batch of 114 refugees was, however, relocated to the PTP Refugee Camp in Grand Gedeh County at the former Prime Timber Production site. They are said to be among more than 62,000 Ivorian refugees, currently residing in Liberia, many of whom have indicated that they would like to stay in Liberia a bit longer.
According to a UNCHR dispatch, the UN Agency had facilitated the repatriation of more than 5,200 Ivorian refugees this year, compared to about 6,000 in 2011 and 2012, respectively when the repatriation exercise was interrupted last June following the killing of seven UN peacekeepers on the Ivorian side of the border.
Dougee is the second refugee camp to be decommissioned in Liberia over the past one year. The first camp was Ziah, the two camps were among six new camps established during the Ivorian refugee influx into Liberia in late 2010 and 2011. At the peak of the influx, more than 200,000 Ivorian crossed over into Liberia.
The Executive Direction of the LRRRC, Cllr. Wheatonia Y. Dixion Barnes, said the decision to close and consolidate refugees' camp was prompted by the reduction in Ivorian refugee population in the county; the ongoing facilitated voluntary repatriation to Cote d'Ivoire, and in view of the high cost of running a refugee camp.
© Copyright The New Dawn 2013
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Cote d'Ivoire: Human Rights Violations Threaten to Erode Progress in Cote d'Ivoire, UN Expert Says
UN News Service
20 MARCH 2013
An independent United Nations expert has urged authorities in Cote d'Ivoire to boost the democratic process by focusing on human rights and an impartial judicial process, and called on the international community to provide continued support for the country, particularly given the security and humanitarian crisis in neighbouring Mali.
"The urgency of the need for political reconciliation and for democratic, economic and social reconstruction is made stronger by the crisis in Mali, the political, military, religious and economic implications of which could destabilize all countries in the region profoundly and in the long term," the UN Independent Expert on human rights in Cote d'Ivoire, Doudou Diène, said as he presented his latest report to the Human Rights Council yesterday. (read more)
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Cote d'Ivoire: Row Over Mass Naturalizations in Côte D'ivoire
22 MARCH 2013
IRIN Humaninarian News and Analysis.
Abidjan — Which of Côte d'Ivoire's 20 million inhabitants qualify as nationals is a question that has driven political debate and conflict here for many years, and one that came to the fore earlier this month when thousands of people who had lived here all their lives were finally, and simultaneously in a public ceremony, given formal citizenship documents.
While some 600,000 people with origins or parentage in nearby West African states have been discreetly granted citizenship since 2011, a ceremony in the administrative capital Yamoussoukro on 5 March to issue citizenship to 8,133 people of Burkinabé descent drew far more attention.
Among the most recent batch to receive citizenship was 53-year-old Maurice Kamgabéga whose family settled in Côte d'Ivoire's central-western Bouaflé region in 1933 from what was then known as Upper Volta (present day Burkina Faso). (read more)
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Côte d'Ivoire: au moins 6 morts dont 2 militaires dans une attaque
Le Monde.fr avec AFP | 14.03.2013
Au moins six personnes, dont deux militaires, ont été tuées lors d'une attaque d'hommes armés venus du Liberia contre un village de l'ouest de la Côte d'Ivoire près de Toulépleu, a-t-on appris jeudi 14 mars de sources concordantes.
"Une attaque contre le village de Zilébly dans la nuit de mardi à mercredi a causé la mort de six personnes, dont deux éléments des Forces républicaines [FRCI, armée]", a expliqué un commandant FRCI basé dans la zone, ayant requis l'anonymat. Un journaliste local a évoqué de son côté "huit morts, dont deux militaires et six civils". Ces deux sources ont parlé d'assaillants "venus du Liberia".
© Copyright Le monde 2013
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Ivory Coast: Security Forces Are Killing and Torturing Opponents, Group Says
By Reuters
26th February 2013
Ivorian soldiers and allied militias are killing and torturing supporters of the ousted president Laurent Gbagbo, and they took part in a deadly attack on a camp housing displaced civilians, Amnesty International said Tuesday. The violence and the government’s failure to prosecute those responsible are derailing efforts to heal the country’s wounds nearly two years after the end of its civil war, the group said. The “army, along with an armed militia of traditional hunters, the Dozos, are carrying out extrajudicial executions, deliberate and arbitrary killings, politically motivated arrests and torture,” Amnesty said in a statement.
© Reuters 2013.
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Genocide Watch: Côte d'Ivoire
By Genocide Watch
14 February 2012, updated 25 April 2012
(Read full article)
(En français)
Although the civil war of 2002 came to an end in 2004, Côte d'Ivoire has ever since been divided between north and south. The split is along religious and ethnic lines. The north is predominantly Muslim and populated by Senufo, Mandé (Malinké, Dan, Gouro, Dioula), and Lobi groups, while the south is majority Christian and populated by Akan (Baoulé, Agni, Abron), Laguné (Ébrié, Adioukrou, Abbé, Atié), and Krou (Krou, Bété, Guéré) groups.
After years of postponement, the presidential elections in October and November 2010 were the trigger leading to another eruption of violence. Incumbent president Laurent Gbagbo was defeated by the opposition leader, Alassane Ouattara, who originates form the north. But Gbagbo refused to give up power and barricaded himself into the Presidential house. This resulted in bloody post-election violence in which at least 3,000 persons died. Atrocities were committed both by the Ivorian army loyal to Gbagbo and the Forces Nouvelles de Côte d'Ivoire –later the Republican Forces– of Ouattara.
Laurent Gbagbo was captured in April 2010. The pre-trial chamber of the International Criminal Court authorized an investigation of the violence in Côte d'Ivoire on October 3, 2011. An arrest warrant for Laurent Gbagbo was issued a few weeks later. He is charged with crimes against humanity, in particular murder, rape and other sexual violence, persecution and other inhuman acts in the context of a widespread or systematic attack directed against the civilian population within the meaning of article 7 of the Rome Statute (read arrest warrant). He has been extradited to the ICC in the Hague, where he awaits trial.
The prosecutor of the ICC is still investigating the role played by other members of the Gbagbo government as well as members of Ouattara's government. Recently, the ICC has decided to extend investigations to include possible crimes against humanity committed back to 2002.
The crimes that took place in Côte d'Ivoire in the aftermath of the elections may be qualified as genocidal massacres, though they were not a full-scale genocide. The arrest warrant issued by the ICC explicitly mentions that the assaults were often directed at specific ethnic or religious communities – national groups were also targeted, namely migrants from West-African countries. Furthermore, the attacks were the result of an organizational policy of Laurent Gbagbo and his forces. The murders, rapes, persecutions and other inhuman acts were committed with the intent to partially destroy ethnical, religious and national groups.
The root causes of the eruption of violence in Cote d’Ivoire have not been resolved, in particular the deeply rooted polarization in Côte d'Ivoire. The establishment of the Dialogue, Truth and Reconciliation Commission represents a welcome but insufficient initiative.
Therefore, Côte d'Ivoire is rightly at stage 5, Polarization, of Genocide Watch's stages of genocide as early warning signs point in the direction of potential genocidal massacres.
- Until today the government of Ouattara has not lived up its promise to investigate the massacres during the post-election violence. Genocide Watch demands that the government of Côte d'Ivoire investigate, prosecute and punish atrocities committed by both sides, including the Duékoué massacre (read more). The Republican Forces of Ouattara need to be vetted, and perpetrators punished.
- Former combatants should be disarmed.
- Genocide Watch calls upon the government of Côte d'Ivoire to emphasize and develop transcendent national institutions, in education, music, sports, security, and common celebrations of both Muslim and Christian holidays at the community level.
- Above all, the ideology of Ivoirité with its false distinction between "native" and immigrated Ivoirians should be abolished.
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Cote d'Ivoire: Ex-Ivorian First Lady Questioned Over Genocide, Corruption Kimeng Hilton Ndukong, AllAfrica 13 November 2012 An Examining Magistrate in Côte d'Ivoire yesterday November 13 began questioning Simone Gbagbo, former First Lady and wife of ex-Ivorian leader, Laurent Gbagbo, on charges of genocide and corruption. Also to be heard is Admiral Vagba Faussignaux, ex-Commander of the Ivorian Navy. RFI radio reported that the interrogation followed that of over 20 aides of the former President that began on May 31. Reports said Judge Koné Mamadou and Barrister Rodrigue Dadjé, one of the lawyers of Simone Gbagbo, were already in Odienné in the north-western part of the country since Monday November 12 where the questioning is being held. Mrs. Gbagbo is one of eight people already charged with genocide. Last February, she was informed that the count of genocide had also been added to others such as blood crimes, threat to State security and economic crimes. ( read more)
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Cote d'Ivoire: Court Again Refuses to Release Former Ivorian President AllAfrica13 November 2012 Arusha — The International Criminal Court (ICC) on Monday rejected a second attempt by former Ivorian President Laurent Gbagbo to obtain provisional release, and ordered him to remain in custody. This comes after Gbagbo earlier failed to get proceedings against him suspended on health grounds. Gbagbo is accused of crimes against humanity during widespread violence that followed presidential elections in December 2010. No date has yet been set for his confirmation of charges hearings. Counsel for the former head of state, the first to be indicted by the ICC, applied for his provisional release for the first time in May 2012, but the Court dismissed the request in July, and the Appeals Chamber confirmed the decision in October. But at a hearing on October 30, Gbagbo's lawyers renewed the application, claiming that there were changes of circumstances warranting that he be granted bail, including his ill health and the availability of a state willing to host him, to restrict his movement and ensure his availability in court. ( read more)
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Cote d’Ivoire's Gbagbo Fit for Hague Trial
Laurent Gbagbo, This Day Live
3 November, 2012
The International Criminal Court in The Hague has ruled that the former head of state of Cote d’Ivoire, Laurent Gbagbo, is fit to stand trial. He faces four charges of crimes against humanity, including murder and rape, in the wake of Cote d’Ivoire's disputed presidential elections in 2010. Some 3,000 people were killed in violence after Gbagbo refused to accept defeat in the polls.
The 67-year-old has denied responsibility for the violence. He accuses former colonial power France of plotting to topple him from power in the world's biggest cocoa producer. The court ruled that some practical adjustments could be made in order to enable Laurent Gbagbo to participate in the hearing, including shorter court sessions and facilities for him to rest
during breaks. In a statement, the ICC said the judges would soon set a date for the confirmation of charges hearing in the case. The ICC began operating in 2002 to bring to justice those responsible for crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in countries that accept its jurisdiction, or when the UN Security Council refers a case to it.
© This Day Live, 2012
(article)
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Victims Need More From International Criminal Court Investigation in Côte d'Ivoire 10 October, 2012 HuffPost Impact UK With thousands of victims crying out for justice for heinous crimes committed during violence that followed Côte d'Ivoire's disputed 2010 presidential elections, the intervention of the International Criminal Court (ICC) has brought great hope to many. Yet, a perceived bias in prosecutions, a lack of impartial information and frustrations regarding access to its proceedings threaten to undermine the credibility of the Court. Côte d'Ivoire is emerging from a deeply violent crisis that reached its climax in the November 2010 post-election violence, causing great suffering to every political, regional and religious grouping. In October 2011, ICC judges - following a special acceptance of the Court's jurisdiction by Côte d'Ivoire - authorized a request by the ICC prosecutor to open an investigation into war crimes and crimes against humanity allegedly committed during this period. ( read more)
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COTE D'IVOIRE: Bah Léontine, “Enough is enough”
IRIN
31 July 2012
DUEKOUE - Hundreds of armed youths stormed Côte d’Ivoire’s last camp for the displaced outside Duékoué city in the turbulent western region on 20 July. They killed at least six civilians, torched the camp and drove off the 5,000 people staying there in what has been described as an ethnically motivated attack. Bah Léontine, who managed to escape with her family, sought refuge at the town hall in Duékoué. Suspected members of the Malinké ethnic group, together with traditional hunters known as Dozos, attacked the Nahibly camp hosting 5,083 mainly Guéré people, who had fled their homes during the 2010-11 election violence (read more)
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Extract from an interview conducted by Human Rights Watch:
"A 29-year-old woman described how a 4x4 drove up as her family was fleeing the Carrefour neighborhood, and three men jumped out in military fatigues, armed with Kalashnikov rifles. The men pulled her husband away, as she was carrying a 6-month-old baby, and chanted, “You are all Guérés, you who voted Gbagbo! You didn’t vote ADO [Alassane Dramane Ouattara], we are going to kill you all.” All three men opened fire on her husband, killing him instantly. The attackers then abducted the woman’s 15-year-old brother, forcing him into a truck where several other youth were already held."
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The words of a Guéré man:
"Ce n'est pas parce qu'on a accepté de vivre avec nos frères burkinabés qu'ils doivent être propriétaires de nos terres."
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| Credit: Peter DiCampo/VII |
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Hundreds of bodies were thrown into wells during the Duékoué massacre (read more).
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Updates
13 November 2012 "Cote D'Ivoire: Ex-Ivorian First Lady Questionned Over Genocide, Corruption" By Kimeng Hilton Ndukong, AllAfrica
11 November 2012 "Cote D'Ivoire: Court Again Refuses to Release Former Ivorian President" By AllAfrica
3 Novebmer 2012 "Cote D'Ivoire's Gbagbo Fit for Hague Trial" By This Day Live
10 October 2012 "Victims Need More from International Criminal Court Investigation in Cote d'Ivoire" By HuffPost Impact UK
07 August 2012 "Ivory Coast violence: Gbagbi allies attacked Abidjan" By BBC News
06 August 2012 "Deadly Ivory Coast army attack" By GhanaMMA
24 July 2012, " Attack On Ivorian Camp Underscores Need to Combat Impunity for PastAbuses - UN ", By All Africa
23 July 2012, " Reactions Following the Attack On a Displaced Persons Camp in Western Cote ", By All Africa
18 July 2012, " Ghana, Ivory Coast Border Impasse To Be Resolved " By Western Publications
13 July 2012, " UN Destroys Hundreds of Small Arms and Light Weapons", By All Africa
27 June 2012 "Stuck between refuge and risk" By IRIN
22 June 2012, "Liberia: Govt to Extradite Dozens of Ivoirians", by All Africa
19 June 2012 "Renewed violence hits western region" By Medecins Sans Frontieres
13 June 2012 "Everyone is looking for Safety" By IRIN
15 June 2012, "Liberia: Government orders 10 persons arrested", by All Africa
10 June 2012 "Thousands flee after Ivory Coast attack" By Cnn
06 June 2012, "Ivorian government prosecutes war criminals" By Human Rights Watch
06 June 2012, " Liberia minors used in Ivory Coast raids", by BBC News
25 April 2012 "Updated country profile of Côte d'Ivoire," by Genocide Watch
22 April 2012 "Menace d'une guerre des terres en Côte d'Ivoire," by Christophe Koffi, Agence France-Presse, La Presse
29 March 2012 "One year on, Duékoué massacre belies Ouattara government's promises of impartial justice," by Matt Wells, Human Rights Watch
29 March 2012 "Côte d'Ivoire urged to assist ICC in post-election violence probe," by Afrique en Ligne
5 March 2012 "Lethal crime wave, security vacuum," by Human Rights Watch
24 February 2012 "Ivory Coast rebels Soro and Gbagbo welcome ICC move", by BBC News
14 February 2012 "Country profile of Côte d'Ivoire", by Genocide Watch (en français)
1 February 2012 "Ouattara's rampant justice," by John James, International Justice Tribunal
31 January 2012 "The dark side of Côte d'Ivoires recovery," by Matt Wells, The Huffington Post
27 January 2012 "Ivory Coast not out of woods, U.N. says," by United Press International
17 January 2012 "Clinton urges dialogue between Ivory Coast rivals," by Agence France-Presse
16 December 2011 "Continuing the recovery," by The International Crisis Group
5 December 2011 "Former Ivory Coast strongman appears at Hague court," by Marlise Simons and Adam Nossiter, The New York Times
1 December 2011 "Cote d'Ivoire and Guinea discuss reconcilliation efforts" by Ghanna MMA
29 November 2011 "Ex-President of Ivory Coast to face court in The Hague," by Marlise Simons, The New York Times
23 November 2011 "Warrant of arrest for Laurent Koudou Gbagbo," Pre-Trial Chamber of the International Criminal Court
5 October 2011 "'They Killed Them Like It Was Nothing: The Need for Justice for Cote D'Ivoire's Post-Election Crimes," by Human Rights Watch
3 October 2011 "ICC to investigate Ivory Coast post-election violence," by BBC News
10 May 2011 "UN officials stress Security Council's role in protecting civilians during armed conflict," by United Nations News Service
13 April 2011 "Ivory Coast: 'Ouattara must stop reprisal attacks'," by BBC News
13 April 2011 "In Ivory Coast, when conflict starts women become targets" By Elizabeth Pender, The Guardian
12 April 2011 "Editorial: Ivory Coast gets a new chance, " by The New York Times
11 April 2011 "Ivory Coast: Gbagbo held after assault on residence," by BBC News
7 April 2011 "Massacre à Duékoué: une enquête impartiale de la justice internationale est nécessaire," by Aline Leclerc, LeMonde.fr
7 April 2011 "Lessons from the Ivory Coast: UN peacekeeping missions need more oversight," By Brett Schaefer, The National Review
5 April 2011 "ICC prosecutor wants Ivory Coast atrocities referred," by Svebor Kranjc, Reuters
3 April 2011 "UN presses Ouattara over Duekoue massacre," by BBC News
2 April 2011 "Hundreds killed in Ivory Coast town as conflict intensifies," by Adam Nossiter, The New York Times
2 April 2011 "Ivory Coast massacre kills 1,000," by CBC News
18 March 2011 "Ivory Coast shelling in Abidjan 'a war crime' - UN," by BBC News
17 March 2011 "Horrors in Ivory Coast," Editorial, The New York Times
2 March 2011 "Ivory Coast: Power and water cut to pro-Ouattara north," by BBC News
26 February 2011 "Cote d'Ivoire: Leaders should prevent abuses by their forces," by Human Rights Watch
26 January 2011 "Cote d'Ivoire: Violence campaign by security forces, militias," by Human Rights Watch
20 January 2011 "UN troops planned for Ivory Coast," by Sky News
20 January 2011 "Special Reports: UN sounds genocide alarm for Ivory Coast," by United Press International
18 January 2011 "The Politics of Peace," by Ghana's Vice President John Dramani Mahama, The Huffington Post
17 January 2011 "War Crimes Prosecution Watch Vol. 5, Issue 21," by Public International Law & Policy Group
13 January 2011 "Pro-Gbagbo forces attack UN vehicles in Ivory Coast," by BBC News
11 January 2011 "Op-Ed: What to do about Ivory Coast," by John Campbell, International Herald Tribune
6 January 2011 "Ivory Coast: Gbagbo 'expels UK and Canada envoys," by BBC News
5 January 2011 "Ivory Coast: Laurent Gbagbo maintains Ouattara blockade," by BBC News
3 January 2011 "US offers Ivory Coast's Laurent Gbagbo 'dignified exit'," by BBC News
3 January 2011 "Diplomacy Again Falls Short in Tense Ivory Coast Standoff," by the New York Times
2 January 2011 "UN Points to Ivory Coast Extra-Judicial Killings," by BBC News
2 January 2011 "UN to investigate Ivory Coast violation reports," by BBC News
30 December 2010 "'Genocide' in Ivory Coast: A real threat, or just politics?" by Dan Murphy, The Christian Science Monitor
29 December 2010 "Ivory Coast UN ambassador warns of genocide risk," by BBC News
28 December 2010 "Gbagbo Defiant as African Leaders Leave Ivory Coast," by BBC News
27 December 2010 "Ivory Coast: General strike called to pressure Gbagbo," by BBC News
25 December 2010 "Ensconced in the Presidency, With No Budging in Ivory Coast," by The New York Times
23 December 2010 "Cote d'Ivoire: Pro-Gbagbo forces abducting opponents," by Human Rights Watch
23 December 2010 "U.S. Human Rights Official, Others Condemn Post-Election Violence in Ivory Coast," by the Washington Post
22 December 2010 "Soro appelle l'ONU 'à envisager la force'," by Le Monde with AFP
22 December 2010 "UN must act in Ivory Coast," by Aie Zi Guo
22 December 2010 "Ivory Coast: France warns nationals to leave," by BBC News
22 December 2010 "UNHCR beefs up aid supplies to cope with Ivory Coast crisis," by The Namibian
22 December 2010 "Cote d'Ivoire: UN in test of wills over country," by Thalif Deen
22 December 2010 "Gbagbo: I am president of Cote d'Ivoire," by Allyn Fisher-Illan, The Globe and Mail
19 December 2010 "Peacekeepers ordered out of Ivory Coast," by Marco Chown Oved
6 December 2010 "Côte d'Ivoire: qui peut faire plier Gbagbo?," by Le Monde
6 December 2010 "Standoff in Ivory Coast leads to fears of violence," by Adam Nossiter, The New York Times
3 December 2010 "Côte d'Ivoire: les ingrédients de la crise," by Le Monde
3 December 2010 "Standoff set up with 2 Ivory Coast presidents," Adam Nossiter, The New York Times
1 December 2010 "Chronologie de la Côte d'Ivoire (1958-2010),"by Catherine Gouëset, L'Express
1 November 2010 "UN calls on Ivory Coast to accept poll results," by the Associated Press
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5 May 2010 "Cote d'Ivoire: Securing the electoral process," by International Crisis Group
5 May 2010 "ICG Rapport 158 - securiser le processus electoral," by International Crisis Group
5 May 2010 "Cote d'Ivoire: Securiser le processus electoral," by International Crisis Group
27 November 2009 "Keeping West Africa Stable," by Louise Arbour, The New York Times
2 July 2009 "What's Needed to End the Crisis," by International Crisis Group
30 March 2009 "Rape a Daily Menace for Rural Women," by IRIN
9 March 2009 "Peace Deal Runs Into Dead End," by Rinaldo Depagne, All-Africa International Crisis Group
30 May 2008 "UN probes Ivory Coast child abuse claims: envoy," by Agence France-Presse
28 May 2008 "Senior UN human rights official visits Côte d'Ivoire and Liberia," by UN News Service
22 April 2008 "Ensuring Credible Elections," by International Crisis Group
31 January 2008 "After the Ouagadougou Accord, Peace is Closer than Ever, But Many Hurdles Remain," by Grant Godfrey, RPCV 2001-02, and Walarigaton Coulibaly, PCCI Language and Cross-Culture Faciltator
16 December 2007 "Ensuring a Peaceful Political Transition," by Dorina Bekoe
2 August 2007 "My Heart is Cut," by Human Rights Watch
31 January 2007 "Continuing IDP Crisis: Complicated by Nationality and Voting Issues," by Refugees International
27 December 2006 "Ivory Coast Resumes Talks With Rebels," by Reuters, CNN
8 December 2006 "Ivorian Rebels Deny Illicit Diamond Trading," by Reuters, The Washington Post
31 October 2006 "Ivory Coast Holds Breath Ahead of UN Vote on Division of Powers," by Agence France-Presse
7 September 2006 "Côte d'Ivoire; Stepping Up the Pressure," International Crisis Group
27 July 2006 "Ivory Coast Must Begin Disarming," by Reuters
9 April 2006 "Political rivals in Ivory Coast reach a deal," by Agence France-Presse, The New York Times
17 March 2006 "Cote d’Ivoire: U.N. Warns of Warrying Rights Situation with Media Fanning Hatreds," by U.N. News Centre
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9 February 2006 "U.N. Sanctions on 3 Leaders," by Warren Hoge, The New York Times
5 December 2005 "African Bank Chief Chosen as Interim Prime Minister of Ivory Coast," by Reuters, The New York Times
31 October 2005 "Ivory Coast's Ethnic Lines Harden, Hobbling Economy," by Lydia Polgreen, The New York Times
17 October 2005 "Citizen Soliders," by Austin Merrill, The New Republic
12 October 2005 "Cote d'Ivoire: Halfway Measure Will Not Suffice," by International Crisis Group
12 October 2005 "Tough new UN measures needed to keep Ivory Coast from war: Crisis Group," by Agence France Presse
6 October 2005 "African leaders open summit on Ivory Coast crisis," by Agence France Presse
5 October 2005 "African leaders out to avert Ivory Coast collapse," by Lea-Lisa Westerhoff, Agence France Presse
5 October 2005 "IVORY COAST: 'The key to ending the tragedy destroying the Ivory Coast is to get the French and their Force 'Licorne out'," by Dr. Gary Busch on Ocnus.net
2 October 2005 "Ivory Coast should hold elections by early 2006: France," by Agence France Presse
1 October 2005 “"vory Coast opposition repeats call for Gbagbo to go," by Agence France Presse
30 September 2005 "West African leaders hold Ivory Coast crisis summit," by Agence France Presse
30 September 2005 "West African summit on Ivory Coast ends," by Agence France Presse
22 September 2005 "Deepening political crisis in Ivory Coast under threat of UN sanctions," by Agence France Presse
16 June 2005 "Ethnic violence threatens cocoa harvest," by The Financial Times Limited, London
13 April 2005 "Ivory Coast army and rebel leaders to meet amid disputes over disarming, recruiting foreigners," by The Associated Press
7 April 2005 "Ivory Coast Factions Reaches Pact," by Associated Press, The Washington Post
24 March 2005 "Cote d'Ivoire: The Worst May Be Yet To Come," by International Crisis Group
29 January 2005 " Ivory Coast First Lady Leads Death Squad, Report Alleges," by Colum Lynch, The Washington Post
16 November 2004 "Cote d'Ivoire: Containing the Crisis?," by AfricaFocus
15 November 2004 "The War in Cote d'Ivoire Threatens Peace in West Africa and Central Africa," by Polycarp Omolo Ochilo
15 November 2004 "Security Council Imposes Immediate Arms Embargo," by UN News Service
15 November 2004 "Preparations for War Reported Despite UN Sanctions Threat," by UN News Service
11 November 2004 "Rein in Militias, End Incitement," by Human Rights Watch
10 November 2004 "France Begins Evacuations From Ivory Coast,” by Pauline Bax, The Associated Press
10 November 2004 "Cornell Ph.D Graduate Killed in Ivory Coast," by The Associated Press
6 November 2004 "Ivory Coast Mobs Clash With French," by The Associated Press
12 July 2004 "Cote d'Ivoire: No Peace in Sight," by International Crisis Group
2 August 2004 "U.N. Finds Mass Graves," The Associated Press
22 December 2003 "French Drive Back Rebels in Ivory Coast," by The Associated Press
13 December 2003 "France Sending More Troops to Ivory Coast as Peace Talks Falter," by Reuters
18 December 2003 "Region Pledges Ivory Coast Force, Urges UN Action," by Diadie Ba
14 August 2003 "UN report pessimistic on Ivory Coast situation," Agence France Presse
30 July 2003 "Students Protest Lost Year," by Associated Press, The New York Times
19 May 2003 "Liberian Refugees Head for Ivory Coast," by The Associated Press
19 May 2003 "No Relief From War in African Refugee Camps," by Somini Sengupta
17 May 2003 "Troops in Ivory Coast to Fight on Liberian Border," by Reuters
14 May 2003 "U.N. Will Send Peacekeepers to Ivory Coast," by Reuters
5 May 2003 "Chaos in West Africa," by Somini Sengupta
18 April 2003 "Ivory Coast Rebels Become Part of Cabinet," by The Associated Press
30 March 2003 "Ivory Coast: Red Cross Workers Slain," by Somini Sengupta
27 March 2003 "The Child Soldiers of Ivory Coast Are Hired Guns," by Somini Sengupta
9 March 2003 "French Soldiers Find Bodies in Ivory Coast Town," by Reuters
9 March 2003 "As Peace Accord Is Fleshed Out, Ivory Coast Fighting Resumes," by Somini Sengupta
8 March 2003 "Despite Accord, Reconciliation Proves Elusive in Ivory Coast," by Somini Sengupta
24 February 2003 "On Brink of Chaos, Ivory Coast Sides Try to Save a Peace Deal," by Somini Sengupta
21 February 2003 "Ivorians Confront An Identity Crisis; Immigrant Nation Debates Nationality," by Emily Wax
20 February 2003 "Côte d’Ivoire: Liberian Refugees at Imminent Risk," by Amnesty International
17 February 2003 "Rebels Threaten to Renew Ivory Coast Civil War," by Reuters
16 February 2003 "Pledging Peace, Creating Chaos: Ivory Coast Leader Said to Be Behind Anti-French Protests," by Emily Wax
13 February 2003 "Ivory Coast's Leader Balks, and So Do Rebels, on Cabinet Posts," by Reuters
13 February 2003 "Ivory Coast Rebels Extend Peace Talks With Ghana President," by Reuters
11 February 2003 "Ivory Coast Leaders Start Task of Making Room for Rebels," by Reuters
9 February 2003 "Ivory Coast Accuses Liberia of Attack," by Glenn McKenzie
9 February 2003 "Assassinations In Ivory Coast Overshadowed By Civil War: Popular Comedian's Death Is Called Political Killing," by Emily Wax
8 February 2003 "Ivory Coast President Urges Followers to Accept Pact With Rebels," by Somini Sengupta
5 February 2003 "Ivorian President Caught Between 2 Leaders He Groomed," by Somini Sengupta
4 February 2003 "Résolution sur la Côte d'Ivoire du Conseil de sécurité de l'Onu," by United Nations
2 February 2003 "Thousands Rally in Ivory Coast to Protest Peace Plan," by Somini Sengupta
1 February 2003 "Protesters Storm Abidjan Airport as French Citizens Leave," by Somini Sengupta
31 January 2003 "Ivory Coast's Residents Look for the Exit," by Somini Sengupta
31 January 2003 "Demonstrators Storm Airport in Ivory Coast," by Somini Sengupta
29 January 2003 "Ivory Coast Army Rejects Power-Sharing Deal With Rebels," by Somini Sengupta
28 January 2003 "Anti-French Rioting Rages on in Ivory Coast," by Somini Sengupta
26 January 2003 "Anti-French Protests Swell Over Ivory Coast Accord," by Reuters
26 January 2003 "Ivory Coast Leader Appoints a Premier After a Peace Deal," by Craig S. Smith
25 January 2003 "Leaders Meet on Saturday on Ivory Coast Peace Plan," by Reuters
24 January 2003 "Ivory Coast Factions Said to Reach Accord on New Government," by Reuters
23 January 2003 "Life in Ivory Coast, Once an Oasis, Now Unsettles Immigrants," by Somini Sengupta
21 January 2003 "Ivory Coast Haven Turns Hostile for Liberians," by Somini Sengupta
19 January 2003 "Rivals Rally in Ivory Coast as Peace Talks Enter 4th Day," by Reuters
17 January 2003 "Restoring Peace to Ivory Coast," by The New York Times
16 January 2003 "French Prestige on the Line in the Ivory Coast Civil War," by Craig S. Smith
12 January 2003 "Infectious Chaos in West Africa," by Robert D. Kaplan
12 January 2003 "Out of Africa? Not Yet. These Are the French.," by Elaine Sciolino
9 January 2003 "Two Rebel Groups in Ivory Coast Sign Truce With French Troops," by Agence France-Presse
8 January 2003 "Chirac Praises France's Peacekeeping Role as Ivory Coast Casualties Mount," by Elaine Sciolino
7 January 2003 "Rebel Faction Strikes French, Imperiling Ivory Coast Talks," by The Associated Press
5 January 2003 "Main Rebel Faction in Ivory Coast Agrees to Join Peace Talks," by Reuters
4 January 2003 "Ivoirian Leader Accepts French Demands on War," by Elaine Sciolino
30 December 2002 "Ivory Coast Rebels Apologize for Clash," by The Associated Press
30 December 2002 "French Troops Meet Ivory Coast Rebels in Cocoa West," by Reuters
29 December 2002 "French Reinforcements Arrive in Ivory Coast," by The Associated Press
28 December 2002 "French Troops, Rebels Clash in Ivory Coast," by The Associated Press
27 December 2002 "Ivory Coast Rebels Call for President to Quit," by Reuters
26 December 2002 "Ivory Coast's Raging Conflict Draws France In," by Elaine Sciolino
24 December 2002 "Ivorian Rebels Warn France Against Offensive," by Reuters
19 December 2002 "Rebels Seize Western City in Ivory Coast," by The Associated Press
18 December 2002 "France Sending More Troops to Ivory Coast," by The Associated Press
16 December 2002 "France Escalates Military Involvement in Ivory Coast," by Clar Ni Chonghaile
13 December 2002 "French Army Widens Ivory Coast Mission," by BBC News
12 December 2002 "Ivory Coast Army Admits Role in a Mass Killing," by Reuters
11 December 2002 "Crisis in Côte d’Ivoire," by Genocide Watch
11 December 2002 "Embattled Ivory Coast Appeals for Fighters, and Many Answer," by Reuters
10 December 2002 "Ecowas Confirms Mass Grave in West," by UN Integrated Regional Information Networks
9 December 2002 "Over 30,000 cross into Liberia and Guinea," by UN Integrated Regional Information Networks
6 December 2002 "Ivory Coast Refugees Describe Piles of Corpses," by News Services, Washington Post
1 December 2002 "France Moves Forigners From City in Ivory Coast," by Clarni Chonghaile, The Washington Post
30 November 2002 "Rebels Take Key City in Western Ivory Coast," by Clarni Chonghaile, The Washington Post
30 November 2002 "Renewed Fighting in Ivory Coast Threatens to Halt Peace Talks," by The Associated Press
28 November 2002 "Rebels Trade Accusations With the Army in Ivory Coast," by Reuters
29 October 2002 "World Food Program Appeal For Ivory Coast," by World Food Program Press Release
18 October 2002 "Rebels Sign Truce to End Ivory Coast Uprising," by The Associasted Press, The New York Times
4 October 2002 "Les quartiers précaires d`Abidjan vont être rasés," by Agence France-Presse
4 October 2002 "Ivoirité, xénophobie, tensions ethniques: la Côte d'Ivoire hantée par ses vieux démons," by Agence France-Presse
1 October 2002 "Ethnic Clenching: Misrule in Ivory Coast," by Norimitsu Onishi, The New York Times
2002 "Ivory Coast on the Brink," by International Crisis Group
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